ENDNOTES

ENDNOTES

Preface

   1.  Cf., H. Wayne Morgan (ed.), The Gilded Age: A Reappraisal (Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 1963); Evensen, Bruce J.  God’s Man for the Gilded Age: D. L. Moody and the Rise of Modern Mass Evangelism (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003).  Findlay, J. F., Jr., Dwight L. Moody: American Evangelist, 1837-1899 (Grand Rapids: Baker Book House, 1969).

   2.  Herbert G. Gutman, “Protestantism and the American Labor Movement: the Christian Spirit in the Gilded Age,” The American Historical Review, LXXXII (October, 1966), 94-95.

   3.  H. Francis Perry, “The Workingman’s Alienation from the Church,” American Journal of Sociology, IV (March, 1899), 621, 626.

   4.  William R. Moody, Life of Dwight L. Moody (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1900).

I – Dwight L. Moody

   1.  Richard K. Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), p. 18.

   2.  Lyman Abbott, Silhouettes of My Contemporaries (New York: Doubleday, Page & Co., 1921), p. 185.

   3.  Ibid., 186.

   4.  William R. Moody, D. L. Moody (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1930), p. 67.

   5.  Fifty-Five Years: The Young Men’s Christian Association of Chicago, 1858-1913 (Chicago: The Board of Managers, 1913), p. 33.

   6.  James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph. D. dissertation, Dept. Of History, Northwestern University, 1961), p. iv.

   7.  Winthrop S. Hudson, Religion in America (New York: Scribner’s, 1965), pp. 225-230.

   8.  Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, p. 335.

   9.  Ibid.

 10.  Abbott, Silhouettes of My Contemporaries, p. 187.

  11.  Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 459.

II – The Age of 1860-1900

   1.  Harold U. Faulkner, American Economic History (8th ed., New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, 1960), pp. 473-475.

   2.  Cf., Oscar Handlin, The Uprooted: The Epic Story of the Great Migrations that Made the American People (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1951).

   3.  In a letter in the Mrs. E. M. Powell Collection, cited in James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation. Dept. of History, Northwestern University, 1961), p. 25.

   4.  Bessie Louise Pierce, A History of Chicago (3 vols.; New York: A. A. Knopf, 1937-1957) III, 439.

   5.  A. Theodore Brown and Charles N. Glabb, A History of Urban America (New York:  The Macmillan Co., 1967), pp. 110-111.

   6.  Chicago Department of Health, Report 1881 and 1882 (Chicago: No Publisher Given, n.d.), p. 19, cited in Pierce, A History of Chicago, III, 55.

   7.  Arthur Meier Schlesinger, The Rise of the City, 1878-1898, Vol. X of A History of American Life,ed. Arthur M. Schlesinger and Dixon Ryan Fox (12 vols.; New York: The Macmillan Co., 1933), pp. 114, 156-159, 360.

   8.  Allan Nevis, The Emergence of Modern America, 1865-1878, Vol. VIII of A History of American Life  Arthur M. Schlesinger and Dixon Ryan Fox (12 vols.; New York: The Macmillan Co., 1927), pp. 320-321.

   9.  Jacob Riis, How the Other Half Lives: Studies among the Tenements of New York (New York: Charles Scriber’s Sons, 1890), pp. 69-70,80.

  10.  Roy Lubove, The Progressives and the Slums: Tenement House Reform in New York City, 1890-1917 (Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1962, pp. 69, 138; Nevis, The Emergence of Modern America, pp. 325, 326.  

  11.  Edwin S. Gausted, A Religious History of America (New York: Harper & Row Publishers, 1966), p. 228.

  12.  Daniel Wise, “Our unevangelized Masses,” The Christian Advocate, L (August 19, 1875), 257.

  13.  Cf., Charles Howard Hopkins, The Rise of the Social Gospel in American Protestantism, 1865-1915, Vol. XIV in the Yale Studies in Religious Education (New Haven: The Yale University Press, 1940).

III – The Workingman of the Era

   1.  Report of the Education and Labor Committee of the Senate upon the Relations Between Labor and Capital, and Testimony taken by the Committee (5 vols.; Washington: U. S. Government Printing Office, 1885), I, 473, quoted in Henry David, The History of the Haymarket Affair; A Study in the American Social Revolutionary and Labor Movements (2nd ed.; New York: Russell and Russell, Publishers, Inc., 1958), p. 7.

   2.  Ibid.

   3.  Ibid.

   4.  Report of the Education and Labor Committee of the Senate upon the Relations Between Labor and Capital, and Testimony taken by the Committee (5 vols.; Washington: U. S. Government Printing Office, 1885), III, 288.

   5.  New York Times, April 30, 1896, p. 1.

   6.  George Gotham Groat, An Introduction to the Study of Organized Labor in America (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1916), p. 166.

   7.  Henry May, Protestant Churches and Industrial America (New York: Harper & Brothers Publishers, 1949), p. 92.

   8.  Cf., Robert V. Bruce, 1877: Year of Violence (Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill Co., Inc. 1959).

   9.  Cf., David, The History of the Haymarket Affair.

  10.  Cf., Leon Wolff, Lockout: The Story of the Homestead Strike of 1892: A Study of Violence, Unionism, and the Carnegie Steel Empire (New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, 1965).

  11.  Cf., Thomas C. Manning, The Chicago Strike of 1894: Industrial Labor in the Late Nineteenth Century, Vol. IV of Government and the American Economy: 1870 to the Present, ed. Thomas G. Manning and David M. Potter (Rev. Ed.; New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1960) for documents relating to the debate’s issues.

  12.  Aaron Ignatius Abell, The Urban Impact on American Protestantism, 1865-1900, Vol. LIV of the Harvard Historical Studies (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1943), p. 64.

  13.  Fred Greenbaum, “The Social Ideas of Samuel Gompers,” Labor History, VII (Winter, 1966), 57.
  14.  Samuel Gompers, Labor and the Common Welfare (New York: E. P. Dutton & So., 1919), p. 31.

  15.  Bessie Louise Pierce, A History of Chicago (3 vols.; New York: A. A. Knopf, 1937-1957), III, 438.

  16.   Ibid., p. 439.

  17.  Washington Gladden, “The Working People and the Churches,” Independent, XXXVII (July 30, 1885), 969.

  18.  Abell, The Urban Impact on American Protestantism, p. 61.

  19.  May, Protestant Churches and Industrial America, pp. 222-223.

  20.  Pierce, A History of Chicago, III, 440-441.

  21.  “Letter from a Workingman,” Christian Union, XXXII (October 29, 1865), 7-8, quoted in Abell, The Urban Impact on American Protestantism, p. 65.

  22.  E. J. Hobshawn, Labouring Men: Studies in the History of Labour (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1964), p. 376.

  23.  Herbert G. Gutman, “Protestantism and the American Labor Movement: the Christian Spirit in the Gilded Age,” The American Historical Review, XXII (October, 1966) 81-82.

  24.  Cf., William G. McLaughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), chaps. Ii, iii, and Timothy L. Smith, Revivalism and Social Reform: American Protestantism on the Eve of the Civil War (New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, 1957) for a discussion of pre-Civil War Protestant traditions.

  25.  Gutman, “Protestantism and the American Labor Movement,” 83, 99.

  26.  Ibid., 99.

  27.  Ibid.

IV – The Social Views of Dwight L. Moody

   1.  In both United States and Great Britain Moody consistently viewed “the masses” as of a lower social status than he.  Common laborer and industrial workers, immigrants, the poor, and the so-called criminal elements in society fitted into this category.  He assumed that most of these people had no religious affiliations (a predisposition that ignored the influence of the Roman Catholic Church in America).  Moody also saw them as the most likely to be affected by radical political and social doctrines.

   2.  Richard K. Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), p. 235.

   3.  William R. Moody, D. L. Moody (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1930), p. 249.

   4.  Charles R. Eerdman, D. L. Moody: His Message for Today (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1928), p. 58.

   5.  New York Times, November 9, 1896, p. 1.

   6.  Dwight L. Moody, To All People (New York: E. B. Treat, 1877), p. 494, quoted in William G. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), p. 255.
 
   7.  Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, pp. 266-267.

   8.  James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Of History, Northwestern University, 1961), p. 263.

   9.  Dwight L. Moody, Moody’s Latest Sermons (Providence: News Co., 1894), p. 454, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 255-256.

  10.  New York Times, February 19, 1876, p. 8.

  11.  William H. Daniels, Moody: His Words, Work, and Workers (New York: Nelson & Phillips, 1877), p. 430.

  12.  Dwight L. Moody, The Great Redemption (Chicago: The Century Book and Paper Co., 1889), p. 160, quoted in McLoughlin Modern Revivalism, p. 254.

  13.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, p. 431.

  14.  Moody, To All People, pp. 489-490, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 255.

  15.  Ibid., p. 256.

  16.  Charles H. Yost (ed.), Fifty Evenings of the Great Revival Meetings Conducted by Moody and Sankey (Philadelphia: Charles H. Yost, 1876), p. 391, cited in Findlay, Revivalism, pp. 261.

  17.  Moody, The Great Redemption, pp. 355-356, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 254-255.

  18.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 255.

  19.  Yost, Fifty Evenings, p. 392, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 261.

  20.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 261

  21.  New York Times, March 12, 1890, p. 9.

  22.  John McDowell and Others, What D. L. Moody Means to Me: An Anthology of Appreciations and Appraisals of the Beloved Founder of the Northfield Schools (East Northfield: The Northfield Schools, 1937), p. 9.

  23.  New York Times, February 19, 1876, p. 8.

  24.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 252.

  25.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 171.

  26.  Daily Advertiser (Boston), February 12, 1877, p. 4, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 253.

  27.  A. W. Williams, Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody (Chicago: P. W. Ziegler Co., 1900), p. 324.

  28.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 253.

  29.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, p. 66.

  30.  Hebrews 12:6a.

  31.  Moody, To All People, p. 333, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 254.

  32.  Evening Transcript (Boston), January 30, 1877, p. 2, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 256.

  33.  Moody, The Great Redemption, p. 475, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 256.

  34.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 256.

  35.  Fund-raising from letter dated March 15, 1889, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 270.

  36.  For an extensive discussion of Moody, evangelization, and Americanization, see McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 267-270.

  37.  Richard Hofstadter, Anti-intellectualism in American Life (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1964), p. 111.

  38.  Irvin G. Wylie, The Self-Made Man in America: The Myth of Rags to Riches (New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1954), pp. 67, 68.

  39.  New York Times, October 6, 1896, p. 9.

  40.  Letter from D. L. Moody to A. F. Gaylord, October 10,1896, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 272.

  41.  Dwight L. Moody, Moody’s Latest Sermons (Chicago: Moody Press, 1900), pp. 116-117, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 264.

  42.  Kansas City Star, November 11, 1899, p. 1, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 264-265.

  43. Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 264-265.

  44.  Richard Hofstadter, The Age of Reform: From Bryan to F. D. R. (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1961), pp. 131-148.

  45.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 266.

  46.  Ibid., pp. 266-267.

  47.  Ralph Henry Gabriel, The Course of American Democratic Thought (2nd ed.; New York: The Ronald Press, Co., 1956), p. 167.

  48.  Diary of D. W. Whittle, January 12, 1884, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 267-268.

  49.  Paul Moody, My Father: An Intimate Portrait of Dwight Moody (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1938), pp. 46-47.

  50.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 268-269.

  51.  Ibid, p. 269.

  52.  Ibid., p. 269-270.

  53.  Ibid., p. 270.

  54.  Dwight L. Moody, New Sermons, Addresses, and Prayers (St. Louis: Mound City, 1877), p. 223, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 271.

  55.  Evening Transcript (Boston), January 7, 1897, p. 9, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 271.

  56.  “Moody and Sankey,” The Nation, XXII (March 9, 1876), 157.

  57.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 170.

  58.  Greenfield (Mass.) Gazette and Courier, October 11, 1876, p. 2 quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 278.

  59.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, pp. 185-186.

  60.  Bernard A. Weinberger, They Gathered at the River: The Story of the Great Revivalists and their Impact upon Religion in America (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1958), p. 189.

  61.  William H. Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Works (Hartford: American Publishing Co., 1875), p. 94.

  62.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, pp. 431-432.

  63.  Cf., Andrew Carnegie, “Wealth,” North American Review, CXLVIII (June 1889), 653-664.

  64.  Dwight L. Moody, Glad Tidings (New York: E. B. Treat, 1876), p. 328, quoted in Gamaliel Bradford, D. L. Moody: A Worker in Souls (Garden City: Doubleday, Doran & Co., 1927), p. 220.

  65.  Paul Moody, My Father, pp. 181-182.

  66.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 170.

  67.  From an unidentified clipping in the Moodyana Collection, Moody Bible Institute, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 276.

  68.  Timothy L. Smith, Revivalism and Social Reform: American Protestantism on the Eve of the Civil War (New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, 1957), p. 8.

  69.  Evening Transcript (Boston), February 17, 1877, p. 2 quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 257.

 70.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, pp. 475-476.

 71.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 257.

  72.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, p. 475.

  73.  Ibid., p. 475.

  74.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 256-259.

  75.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 13.

  76.  Cf., Sidney E. Mead, “American Protestantism Since the Civil War, II, From Americanism to Christianity,” The Journal of Religion, XXXVI (April, 1956), 67-89, for a critical discussion of charity in post-Civil War Protestantism.

  77.  Quoted in Wilbur M. Smith, An Annotated Bibliography of D. L. Moody (Chicago: Moody Press, 1948), pp. 187-189.

V – Moody in Chicago

   1.  Bernard A. Weinberger, They Gathered at the River: The Story of the Great Revivalists and Their Impact upon Religion in America (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1958), p. 192.

   2.  Manual of Plymouth Congregational Church and Society of Chicago, Illinois (Chicago: No Publisher Given, 1874), p. 17, cited in James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Of History, Northwestern University, 1961), p.. 32.

   3.  William H. Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work (Hartford: American Publishing Co., 1875), pp. 31-32.

   4.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 27.

   5.  J. Wilbur Chapman, The Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody (Philadelphia: John C. Winston Co., 1900), p. 92.

   6.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 34.

   7.  William C. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), p. 174.

   8.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 33, 41.

   9.  Richard K. Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), p. 71.

  10.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 43.

  11.  Moody’s Sunday school was second in size only to the Bethany Sunday School in Philadelphia of which John Wanamaker was the founder.

  12.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 103.

  13.  Ibid., pp. 66-67.

  14.  Ibid., pp. 37-38; William R. Moody, D. L. Moody (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1930), p. 51.
 
   15.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 44.

   16.  Weinberger, They Gathered at the River, p. 184.

   17.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 44.

   18.  William R. Moody, Life of Dwight L. Moody (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1900), pp. 66-68.

   19.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 59-60.

   20.  Ibid., pp. 73-74.

   21.  Ibid., p. 39.

   22.  Ibid., p. 48.

   23.  Chapman, The Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody, p. 94.

   24.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 50-51, 102, 118.

   25.  Ibid., pp. 44, 60, 62-63.

   26.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 55-56.

   27.  John C. Pollock, Moody: A Biographical Portrait of the Pacesetter in Modern Mass Evangelism (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1963), p. 9.

  28.  Winthrop S. Hudson, Religion in America (New York: Charles Scriber’s Sons, 1965), p. 229.

  29.  A Letter from D. L. Moody to his Brothers, April 9, 1854, quoted in William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 30.

  30.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 37, 58.

  31.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 87.

  32.  Ibid., p. 90.

  33.  Bessie Louise Pierce, A History of Chicago (3 vols.; New York: A. A. Knopf, 1937-1957), III, 378.

  34.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 101.

  35.  The Advance, March 29, April 30, 1868, April 15, 1869, June 23, 1870, May 25, 1871, cited in Pierce, A History of Chicago, II, 378.

  36.  The Advance, March 19, 1868, cited in Pierce, A History of Chicago, II, 378.

  37.  Charles F. Goss, Echoes from the Pulpit and Platform (Hartford, Conn.: A. D. Worthington and Co., 1900), pp. 243-244, cited in Curtis, They Called Him Mr. Moody, pp. 100-101.

  38.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 151.

  39.  Ibid., pp. 121-158, 200.

  40.  John McDowell, Dwight L. Moody: The Discoverer of Men and the Maker of Movements (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co.,1915), p. 13.

  41.  Charles Howard Hopkins, History of the Y.M.C.A. in North America (New York: Association Press, 1951), p. 158.

  42.  Curtis, They Called Him Mr. Moody, p. 319.

  43.  Richard C. Morse, History of the North American Young Men’s Christian Association (New York: Association Press, 1913), p. 123.

  44.  Hopkins, History of the Y.M.C.A., p. 6.

  45.  Ibid., pp. 227, 237.

  46.  Ibid., pp. 234, 240.

  47.  Ibid., p. 139.

  48.  Ibid., p. 235.

  49.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 103-104.

  50.  Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, p. 111.

  51.  Pollock, Moody, p. 54.

  52.  A. W. Williams, Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody (Chicago: P. W. Ziegler Co., 1900), p. 324.

  53.  Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, p. 111.

  54.  Richard Ellsworth Day, Bush Aglow: The Life Story of Dwight Lyman Moody, Commoner of Northfield (Philadelphia: The Judson Press, 1936), p. 113.

  55.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 57.

  56.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 108.

  57.  The Chicago Pulpit, May 1872, quoted in Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, p. 116.

  58.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 120.

  59.  Ibid., p.113.

  60.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 100.

  61.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 176.

VI – The Revival Campaigns in Great Britain

   1.  Arthur Percy Fitt, Moody Still Lives: Word Pictures of D. L. Moody (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1936), p. 53.

   2.  William R. Moody, D. L. Moody (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1930), pp. 136-140.

   3.  Henry Drummond, Dwight L. Moody: Impressions and Facts (New York: McClure, Phillips & Co., 1900), p. 114.

   4.  E. J. Goodspeed, A Full History of the Wonderful Career of Moody and Sankey, in Great Britain and America (New York: Henry S. Goodspeed & Co., 1876), p. 168.

   5.  James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Of History, Northwestern University, 1961), pp. 104, 115-116.

   6.  A Letter from Robert Paton to Mrs. Jane MacKinnon, December 11, 1883, quoted in [Jane] MacKinnon], Recollections of D. L. Moody and His Work in Britain, 1874-1892 (London: Oliphant, Anderson & Ferrier, 1905), p. 207.

   7.  Donald Carswell, Brother Scots (New York: Harcourt, Bruce, and Co., 1927), pp. 166-167.

   8.  John MacPherson, Revival and Revival Work: A Record of the Labors of D. L. Moody and Ira D. Sankey, and other Evangelists (London: Morgan and Scott, [1876?], pp. 299-300.

   9.  David Thomson, England in the Nineteenth Century: 1815-1914, Vol. VIII in the The Pelican History of England, ed. J. E. Morpurgo (8 vols.; Baltimore: Penguin Books, 1950), pp. 126-130.

  10.  Diary of the Earl of Shaftesbury, March 9, 1875, quoted in Edin Hodder, The Life and Work of the Seventh Earl of Shaftesbury, E. G. (Popular ed.; London: Cassell & Co. Ltd., 1893), p. 688.

  11.  Hodder, Earl of Shaftesbury, p. 624.

  12.  Ibid., p. 622.

  13.  Thomson, England in the Nineteenth Century, pp. 46-48.

  14.  Hodder, Earl of Shaftesbury, p. 622.

  15.  Diary of the Earl of Shaftesbury, March 9, 1875, quoted in Hodder, Earl of Shaftesbury, p. 688.

  16.  Diary of the Earl of Shaftesbury, March 31, 1875, quoted in Hodder, Earl of Shaftesbury, p. 689.

  17.  Friedrich Engels, Socialism, Utopian and Scientific (New York: International Publishers, 1935), p. 24.

  18.  The Times (London), April 3, p. 8 and July 16, 1875, p. 4, cited in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 116.

  19.  The Spectator, XLVIII (March 13, 1875), 334, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 117.

  20.  Pall Mall Gazette, XIV (March 11, 1875), 3, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 117.

  21.  The Christian, V (November 5, 1874), 707, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 117.

  22.  William H. Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work (Hartford: American Publishing Co., 1875), p. 256.

  23.  Ibid., p. 257.

  24.  Ibid., p. 285.

  25.  Ibid.

 26.  Daily Review (Edinburgh), January 2, 1874, p. 8, quoted in William G. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press, 1959), p. 203.

  27.  Narrative of Messrs. Moody’s and Sankey’s Labours in Scotland and Ireland (Compiled from the British Evangelist and The Christian; New York: Anson D. F. Randolph co., 1875), p. 31, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 203-204.

  28.  Ibid., p. 204.

  29.  Ibid.

  30.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 363-367.

  31.  Ibid., p. 367.

  32.  Ibid.

  33.  The Times (London), June 22, 1875, p. 8, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 203.

  34.  A Letter from A. G. Gowan dated London, November 3, 1875, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 206.

  35.  Newman Hall, “Revivals,” Christian Monthly and Family Treasure, August 1881, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 206.

  36.  MacPherson, Revival and Revival Work, p. 293.

  37.  Goodspeed, Moody and Sankey, p. 79.

  38.  Ibid., p. 171.

  39.  Ibid., pp. 177-178.

  40.  Ibid., p. 179.

  41.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 343.

  42.  Ibid., p. 360.

  43.  John C. Pollock, Moody: A Biographical Portrait of the Pacesetter in Modern Mass Evangelism (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1963), pp. 243-244.

  44.  Cf., Richard K. Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), pp. 227-228.

  45.  Diary of D. W. Whittle, February 4, 1884, quoted in Pollack, Moody, pp. 244-245.

  46.  Ibid., p. 245.

  47.  Carswell, Brother Scots, pp. 160-161.

  48.  John Cockburn, The Hungry Heart: A Romantic Biography of James Keir Hardie (London: Jarrolds Publishers Ltd., 1956), p. 67.

  49.  Carswell, Brother Scots, p. 164,

  50.  William Stewart, J. Keir Hardie: A Biography (London: Assell & Co. Ltd., 1921), p. 7.

  51.  Carswell, Brother Scots, p. 164.

  52.  Stewart, J. Keir Hardie, p. 132.

  53.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 270.

  54.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 351-352.

  55.  Pollock, Moody, p. 167.

  56.  L. E. Elliott-Binns, Religion in the Victorian Era (2nd ed.; London: Lutterworth Press, 1946), p. 424.

  57.  Paulus Scharpff, History of Evangelism: Three Hundred Years of Evangelism in Germany, Great Britain, and the United States of America, trans. by Helga Bender Henry (Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 1966), p. 196.

  58.  Elliott-Binns, Religion in the Victorian Era, p. 428.

  59.  Carswell, Brother Scots, pp. 192-197.

  60.  Pollock, Moody, p. 126.

  61.  George Adam Smith, The Life of Henry Drummond (New York: Doubleday & McClure Co., 1898), pp. 61-62, 65-66.

  62.  Cf., A Book of Remembrance: The Jubilee Souvenir of the Glasgow United Evangelistic Association’s Evangelistic and Ameliorative Schemes, 1874-1924 (Glasgow: Glasgow United Evangelistic Association, 1924).

  63.  A Letter from Alex S. Bain of Glasgow to the Reverend Myron R. Chartier, February 19, 1968.

  64.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, pp. 173-175.

  65.  MacPherson, Revival and Revival Work, pp. 294-295.

  66.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 176.

  67.  John McDowell, Dwight L. Moody: The Discover of Men and the Maker of Movements (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1915), p. 21.

  68.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, pp. 175-176.

  69.  Pollock, Moody, p. 244.

  70.  Drummond, Dwight L. Moody, pp. 114-116.

VII – The Revival Campaigns in America

   1.  Goodspeed, Moody and Sankey, pp. 236-237.

   2.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, pp. 433-442.

   3.  Daily Advertiser (Boston), January 30, 1877, p. 4, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 270.

   4.  “Moody and Sankey,” The Nation, XXII (March 9, 1876), 156.

   5.  New York Times, October 25, 1875, p. 1.

   6.  “Messrs. Moody and Sankey in Brooklyn,” The Christian Advocate, L (November 11, 1875), 354.

   7.  Northwestern Christian Advocate, XXIV (October 18, 1876), 1, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 198.

   8.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, pp. 287-298.

   9.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 271.

 10.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 205-206.

  11.  Bernard A. Weinberger, They Gathered at the River: The Story of the Great Revivalists and their Impact upon Religion in America (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1958), p. 189.

VIII – Moody Bible Institute

   1.  Wilbur M. Smith, An Annotated Bibliography of D. L. Moody (Chicago: Moody Press, 1948), p. 76.

   2.  William H. Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work (Hartford: American Publishing Co., 1875), p. 187.

   3.  Circular entitled “Report and Partial Summary, Bible Work, 1885-1886,” cited in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. of History, Northwestern University, 1961), p. 255.

   4.  John C. Pollock, Moody: A biographical Portrait of the Pacesetter in Modern Mass Evangelism (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1963), p. 261.

   5.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 187.

   6.  Pollock, Moody, p. 261.

   7.  Ibid.

   8.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 256.

   9.  Arthur Percy Fitt, Moody Still Lives: Word Pictures of D. L. Moody (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1936), p. 94.

  10.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 5-6, provides a verbatim account of Moody’s speech in Chicago, quoted in Richard K. Curtis, They Called him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), p. 320.

  11.  John Higham, Strangers in the Land: Patterns of American Nativism, 1860-1925 (New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1955), pp. 52-54.

  12.  Cf., Bessie Louise Pierce, A History of Chicago (3 vols.; New York: A. A. Knopf, 1937-1957), III, chaps. vii,viii, for a good survey of labor’s activities in Chicago during these years, and Henry David, The History of the Haymarket Affairs; A Study in the American Social-Revolutionary and Labor Movements (2nd ed.; New York: Russell and Russell, Publishers, Inc., 1958).

  13.  Record of Christian Work, V (April, 1886), 3 quoted in James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Moody,’Gapmen,’ and the Gospel: the Early Days of Moody Bible Institute,” Church History, XXXI (September, 1962), 324.

  14. T. W. Harvey to “friend,” November 16, 1888, typewritten form letter in the N. F. McCormick Papers, cited in Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 324.

  15.  Chicago Inter-Ocean, November 21, 1856, p. 12, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 278.

  16.  Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 325.

  17.  Smith, Bibliography of D. L. Moody, p. 79.

  18.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 6, quoted in Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 325.

  19.  A. W. Williams, Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody (Chicago: P. W. Ziegler Co., 1900), p. 293.

  20.  Watchman-Examiner, July 15, 1920, pp. 904-905, quoted in William G. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), p. 274.

  21.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 6, quoted in Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 325.

  22.  Smith, Bibliography of D. L. Moody, p. 78.

  23.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 6 quoted in Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 325.

  24.  Ibid.

  25.  Smith, Bibliography of D. L. Moody, p. 78.

  26.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 6, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 281.

  27.  Richard Ellsworth Day, Bush Aglow: The Life Story of Dwight L. Moody, Commoner of Northfield (Philadelphia: The Judson Press, 1936), p. 264.

  28.  Margaret Blake Robinson, A Reporter at Moody’s (Chicago: The Bible Institute Colportage Association, 1900), p. 141.

IX – Summary and Conclusions

   1.  James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. of History, Northwestern University, 1961), pp. 260-278.

   2.  William G. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), chaps. iv, v.  Modern Revivalism, p. 256.ENDNOTES

Preface

   1.  Cf., H. Wayne Morgan (ed.), The Gilded Age: A Reappraisal (Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 1963); Evensen, Bruce J.  God’s Man for the Gilded Age: D. L. Moody and the Rise of Modern Mass Evangelism (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003).  Findlay, J. F., Jr., Dwight L. Moody: American Evangelist, 1837-1899 (Grand Rapids: Baker Book House, 1969).

   2.  Herbert G. Gutman, “Protestantism and the American Labor Movement: the Christian Spirit in the Gilded Age,” The American Historical Review, LXXXII (October, 1966), 94-95.

   3.  H. Francis Perry, “The Workingman’s Alienation from the Church,” American Journal of Sociology, IV (March, 1899), 621, 626.

   4.  William R. Moody, Life of Dwight L. Moody (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1900).

I – Dwight L. Moody

   1.  Richard K. Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), p. 18.

   2.  Lyman Abbott, Silhouettes of My Contemporaries (New York: Doubleday, Page & Co., 1921), p. 185.

   3.  Ibid., 186.

   4.  William R. Moody, D. L. Moody (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1930), p. 67.

   5.  Fifty-Five Years: The Young Men’s Christian Association of Chicago, 1858-1913 (Chicago: The Board of Managers, 1913), p. 33.

   6.  James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph. D. dissertation, Dept. Of History, Northwestern University, 1961), p. iv.

   7.  Winthrop S. Hudson, Religion in America (New York: Scribner’s, 1965), pp. 225-230.

   8.  Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, p. 335.

   9.  Ibid.

 10.  Abbott, Silhouettes of My Contemporaries, p. 187.

  11.  Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 459.

II – The Age of 1860-1900

   1.  Harold U. Faulkner, American Economic History (8th ed., New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, 1960), pp. 473-475.

   2.  Cf., Oscar Handlin, The Uprooted: The Epic Story of the Great Migrations that Made the American People (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1951).

   3.  In a letter in the Mrs. E. M. Powell Collection, cited in James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation. Dept. of History, Northwestern University, 1961), p. 25.

   4.  Bessie Louise Pierce, A History of Chicago (3 vols.; New York: A. A. Knopf, 1937-1957) III, 439.

   5.  A. Theodore Brown and Charles N. Glabb, A History of Urban America (New York:  The Macmillan Co., 1967), pp. 110-111.

   6.  Chicago Department of Health, Report 1881 and 1882 (Chicago: No Publisher Given, n.d.), p. 19, cited in Pierce, A History of Chicago, III, 55.

   7.  Arthur Meier Schlesinger, The Rise of the City, 1878-1898, Vol. X of A History of American Life,ed. Arthur M. Schlesinger and Dixon Ryan Fox (12 vols.; New York: The Macmillan Co., 1933), pp. 114, 156-159, 360.

   8.  Allan Nevis, The Emergence of Modern America, 1865-1878, Vol. VIII of A History of American Life  Arthur M. Schlesinger and Dixon Ryan Fox (12 vols.; New York: The Macmillan Co., 1927), pp. 320-321.

   9.  Jacob Riis, How the Other Half Lives: Studies among the Tenements of New York (New York: Charles Scriber’s Sons, 1890), pp. 69-70,80.

  10.  Roy Lubove, The Progressives and the Slums: Tenement House Reform in New York City, 1890-1917 (Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1962, pp. 69, 138; Nevis, The Emergence of Modern America, pp. 325, 326.  

  11.  Edwin S. Gausted, A Religious History of America (New York: Harper & Row Publishers, 1966), p. 228.

  12.  Daniel Wise, “Our unevangelized Masses,” The Christian Advocate, L (August 19, 1875), 257.

  13.  Cf., Charles Howard Hopkins, The Rise of the Social Gospel in American Protestantism, 1865-1915, Vol. XIV in the Yale Studies in Religious Education (New Haven: The Yale University Press, 1940).

III – The Workingman of the Era

   1.  Report of the Education and Labor Committee of the Senate upon the Relations Between Labor and Capital, and Testimony taken by the Committee (5 vols.; Washington: U. S. Government Printing Office, 1885), I, 473, quoted in Henry David, The History of the Haymarket Affair; A Study in the American Social Revolutionary and Labor Movements (2nd ed.; New York: Russell and Russell, Publishers, Inc., 1958), p. 7.

   2.  Ibid.

   3.  Ibid.

   4.  Report of the Education and Labor Committee of the Senate upon the Relations Between Labor and Capital, and Testimony taken by the Committee (5 vols.; Washington: U. S. Government Printing Office, 1885), III, 288.

   5.  New York Times, April 30, 1896, p. 1.

   6.  George Gotham Groat, An Introduction to the Study of Organized Labor in America (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1916), p. 166.

   7.  Henry May, Protestant Churches and Industrial America (New York: Harper & Brothers Publishers, 1949), p. 92.

   8.  Cf., Robert V. Bruce, 1877: Year of Violence (Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill Co., Inc. 1959).

   9.  Cf., David, The History of the Haymarket Affair.

  10.  Cf., Leon Wolff, Lockout: The Story of the Homestead Strike of 1892: A Study of Violence, Unionism, and the Carnegie Steel Empire (New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, 1965).

  11.  Cf., Thomas C. Manning, The Chicago Strike of 1894: Industrial Labor in the Late Nineteenth Century, Vol. IV of Government and the American Economy: 1870 to the Present, ed. Thomas G. Manning and David M. Potter (Rev. Ed.; New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1960) for documents relating to the debate’s issues.

  12.  Aaron Ignatius Abell, The Urban Impact on American Protestantism, 1865-1900, Vol. LIV of the Harvard Historical Studies (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1943), p. 64.

  13.  Fred Greenbaum, “The Social Ideas of Samuel Gompers,” Labor History, VII (Winter, 1966), 57.

  14.  Samuel Gompers, Labor and the Common Welfare (New York: E. P. Dutton & So., 1919), p. 31.

  15.  Bessie Louise Pierce, A History of Chicago (3 vols.; New York: A. A. Knopf, 1937-1957), III, 438.

  16.   Ibid., p. 439.

  17.  Washington Gladden, “The Working People and the Churches,” Independent, XXXVII (July 30, 1885), 969.

  18.  Abell, The Urban Impact on American Protestantism, p. 61.

  19.  May, Protestant Churches and Industrial America, pp. 222-223.

  20.  Pierce, A History of Chicago, III, 440-441.

  21.  “Letter from a Workingman,” Christian Union, XXXII (October 29, 1865), 7-8, quoted in Abell, The Urban Impact on American Protestantism, p. 65.

  22.  E. J. Hobshawn, Labouring Men: Studies in the History of Labour (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1964), p. 376.

  23.  Herbert G. Gutman, “Protestantism and the American Labor Movement: the Christian Spirit in the Gilded Age,” The American Historical Review, XXII (October, 1966) 81-82.

  24.  Cf., William G. McLaughlin, Jr. Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), chaps. Ii, iii, and Timothy L. Smith, Revivalism and Social Reform: American Protestantism on the Even of the Civil War (New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, 1957) for a discussion of pre-Civil War Protestant traditions.

  25.  Gutman, “Protestantism and the American Labor Movement,” 83, 99.

  26.  Ibid., 99.

  27.  Ibid.

IV – The Social Views of Dwight L. Moody

   1.  In both United States and Great Britain Moody consistently viewed “the masses” as of a lower social status than he.  Common laborer and industrial workers, immigrants, the poor, and the so-called criminal elements in society fitted into this category.  He assumed that most of these people had no religious affiliations (a predisposition that ignored the influence of the Roman Catholic Church in America).  Moody also saw them as the most likely to be affected by radical political and social doctrines.

   2.  Richard K. Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), p. 235.

   3.  William R. Moody, D. L. Moody (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1930), p. 249.

   4.  Charles R. Eerdman, D. L. Moody: His Message for Today (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1928), p. 58.

   5.  New York Times, November 9, 1896, p. 1.

   6.  Dwight L. Moody, To All People (New York: E. B. Treat, 1877), p. 494, quoted in William G. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), p. 255.
 
   7.  Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, pp. 266-267.

   8.  James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Of History, Northwestern University, 1961), p. 263.

   9.  Dwight L. Moody, Moody’s Latest Sermons (Providence: News Co., 1894), p. 454, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 255-256.

  10.  New York Times, February 19, 1876, p. 8.

  11.  William H. Daniels, Moody: His Words, Work, and Workers (New York: Nelson & Phillips, 1877), p. 430.

  12.  Dwight L. Moody, The Great Redemption (Chicago: The Century Book and Paper Co., 1889), p. 160, quoted in McLoughlin Modern Revivalism, p. 254.

  13.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, p. 431.

  14.  Moody, To All People, pp. 489-490, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 255.

  15.  Ibid., p. 256.

  16.  Charles H. Yost (ed.), Fifty Evenings of the Great Revival Meetings Conducted by Moody and Sankey (Philadelphia: Charles H. Yost, 1876), p. 391, cited in Findlay, Revivalism, pp. 261.

  17.  Moody, The Great Redemption, pp. 355-356, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 254-255.

  18.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 255.

  19.  Yost, Fifty Evenings, p. 392, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 261.

  20.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 261

  21.  New York Times, March 12, 1890, p. 9.

  22.  John McDowell and Others, What D. L. Moody Means to Me: An Anthology of Appreciations and Appraisals of the Beloved Founder of the Northfield Schools (East Northfield: The Northfield Schools, 1937), p. 9.

  23.  New York Times, February 19, 1876, p. 8.

  24.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 252.

  25.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 171.

  26.  Daily Advertiser (Boston), February 12, 1877, p. 4, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 253.

  27.  A. W. Williams, Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody (Chicago: P. W. Ziegler Co., 1900), p. 324.

  28.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 253.

  29.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, p. 66.

  30.  Hebrews 12:6a.

  31.  Moody, To All People, p. 333, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 254.

  32.  Evening Transcript (Boston), January 30, 1877, p. 2, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 256.

  33.  Moody, The Great Redemption, p. 475, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 256.

  34.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 256.

  35.  Fund-raising from letter dated March 15, 1889, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 270.

  36.  For an extensive discussion of Moody, evangelization, and Americanization, see McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 267-270.

  37.  Richard Hofstadter, Anti-intellectualism in American Life (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1964), p. 111.

  38.  Irvin G. Wylie, The Self-Made Man in America: The Myth of Rags to Riches (New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1954), pp. 67, 68.

  39.  New York Times, October 6, 1896, p. 9.

  40.  Letter from D. L. Moody to A. F. Gaylord, October 10,1896, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 272.

  41.  Dwight L. Moody, Moody’s Latest Sermons (Chicago: Moody Press, 1900), pp. 116-117, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 264.

  42.  Kansas City Star, November 11, 1899, p. 1, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 264-265.

  43. Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 264-265.

  44.  Richard Hofstadter, The Age of Reform: From Bryan to F. D. R. (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1961), pp. 131-148.

  45.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 266.

  46.  Ibid., pp. 266-267.

  47.  Ralph Henry Gabriel, The Course of American Democratic Thought (2nd ed.; New York: The Ronald Press, Co., 1956), p. 167.

  48.  Diary of D. W. Whittle, January 12, 1884, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 267-268.

  49.  Paul Moody, My Father: An Intimate Portrait of Dwight Moody (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1938), pp. 46-47.

  50.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 268-269.

  51.  Ibid, p. 269.

  52.  Ibid., p. 269-270.

  53.  Ibid., p. 270.

  54.  Dwight L. Moody, New Sermons, Addresses, and Prayers (St. Louis: Mound City, 1877), p. 223, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 271.

  55.  Evening Transcript (Boston), January 7, 1897, p. 9, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 271.

  56.  “Moody and Sankey,” The Nation, XXII (March 9, 1876), 157.

  57.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 170.

  58.  Greenfield (Mass.) Gazette and Courier, October 11, 1876, p. 2 quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 278.

  59.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, pp. 185-186.

  60.  Bernard A. Weinberger, They Gathered at the River: The Story of the Great Revivalists and their Impact upon Religion in America (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1958), p. 189.

  61.  William H. Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Works (Hartford: American Publishing Co., 1875), p. 94.

  62.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, pp. 431-432.

  63.  Cf., Andrew Carnegie, “Wealth,” North American Review, CXLVIII (June 1889), 653-664.

  64.  Dwight L. Moody, Glad Tidings (New York: E. B. Treat, 1876), p. 328, quoted in Gamaliel Bradford, D. L. Moody: A Worker in Souls (Garden City: Doubleday, Doran & Co., 1927), p. 220.

  65.  Paul Moody, My Father, pp. 181-182.

  66.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 170.

  67.  From an unidentified clipping in the Moodyana Collection, Moody Bible Institute, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 276.

  68.  Timothy L. Smith, Revivalism and Social Reform: American Protestantism on the Eve of the Civil War (New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, 1957), p. 8.

  69.  Evening Transcript (Boston), February 17, 1877, p. 2 quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 257.

  70.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, pp. 475-476.



  71.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 257.

  72.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, p. 475.

  73.  Ibid., p. 475.

  74.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 256-259.

  75.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 13.

  76.  Cf., Sidney E. Mead, “American Protestantism Since the Civil War, II, From Americanism to Christianity,” The Journal of Religion, XXXVI (April, 1956), 67-89, for a critical discussion of charity in post-Civil War Protestantism.

  77.  Quoted in Wilbur M. Smith, An Annotated Bibliography of D. L. Moody (Chicago: Moody Press, 1948), pp. 187-189.

V – Moody in Chicago

   1.  Bernard A. Weinberger, They Gathered at the River: The Story of the Great Revivalists and Their Impact upon Religion in America (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1958), p. 192.

   2.  Manual of Plymouth Congregational Church and Society of Chicago, Illinois (Chicago: No Publisher Given, 1874), p. 17, cited in James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Of History, Northwestern University, 1961), p.. 32.

   3.  William H. Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work (Hartford: American Publishing Co., 1875), pp. 31-32.

   4.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 27.

   5.  J. Wilbur Chapman, The Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody (Philadelphia: John C. Winston Co., 1900), p. 92.

   6.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 34.

   7.  William C. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), p. 174.

   8.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 33, 41.

   9.  Richard K. Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), p. 71.

  10.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 43.

  11.  Moody’s Sunday school was second in size only to the Bethany Sunday School in Philadelphia of which John Wanamaker was the founder.

  12.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 103.

  13.  Ibid., pp. 66-67.

  14.  Ibid., pp. 37-38; William R. Moody, D. L. Moody (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1930), p. 51.
 
   15.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 44.

   16.  Weinberger, They Gathered at the River, p. 184.

   17.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 44.

   18.  William R. Moody, Life of Dwight L. Moody (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1900), pp. 66-68.

   19.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 59-60.

   20.  Ibid., pp. 73-74.

   21.  Ibid., p. 39.

   22.  Ibid., p. 48.

   23.  Chapman, The Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody, p. 94.

   24.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 50-51, 102, 118.

   25.  Ibid., pp. 44, 60, 62-63.

   26.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 55-56.

   27.  John C. Pollock, Moody: A Biographical Portrait of the Pacesetter in Modern Mass Evangelism (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1963), p. 9.

  28.  Winthrop S. Hudson, Religion in America (New York: Charles Scriber’s Sons, 1965), p. 229.

  29.  A Letter from D. L. Moody to his Brothers, April 9, 1854, quoted in William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 30.

  30.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 37, 58.

  31.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 87.

  32.  Ibid., p. 90.

  33.  Bessie Louise Pierce, A History of Chicago (3 vols.; New York: A. A. Knopf, 1937-1957), III, 378.

  34.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 101.

  35.  The Advance, March 29, April 30, 1868, April 15, 1869, June 23, 1870, May 25, 1871, cited in Pierce, A History of Chicago, II, 378.

  36.  The Advance, March 19, 1868, cited in Pierce, A History of Chicago, II, 378.

  37.  Charles F. Goss, Echoes from the Pulpit and Platform (Hartford, Conn.: A. D. Worthington and Co., 1900), pp. 243-244, cited in Curtis, They Called Him Mr. Moody, pp. 100-101.

  38.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 151.

  39.  Ibid., pp. 121-158, 200.

  40.  John McDowell, Dwight L. Moody: The Discoverer of Men and the Maker of Movements (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co.,1915), p. 13.

  41.  Charles Howard Hopkins, History of the Y.M.C.A. in North America (New York: Association Press, 1951), p. 158.

  42.  Curtis, They Called Him Mr. Moody, p. 319.

  43.  Richard C. Morse, History of the North American Young Men’s Christian Association (New York: Association Press, 1913), p. 123.

  44.  Hopkins, History of the Y.M.C.A., p. 6.

  45.  Ibid., pp. 227, 237.

  46.  Ibid., pp. 234, 240.

  47.  Ibid., p. 139.

  48.  Ibid., p. 235.

  49.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 103-104.

  50.  Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, p. 111.

  51.  Pollock, Moody, p. 54.

  52.  A. W. Williams, Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody (Chicago: P. W. Ziegler Co., 1900), p. 324.

  53.  Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, p. 111.

  54.  Richard Ellsworth Day, Bush Aglow: The Life Story of Dwight Lyman Moody, Commoner of Northfield (Philadelphia: The Judson Press, 1936), p. 113.

  55.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 57.

  56.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 108.

  57.  The Chicago Pulpit, May 1872, quoted in Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, p. 116.

  58.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 120.

  59.  Ibid., p.113.

  60.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 100.

  61.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 176.

VI – The Revival Campaigns in Great Britain

   1.  Arthur Percy Fitt, Moody Still Lives: Word Pictures of D. L. Moody (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1936), p. 53.

   2.  William R. Moody, D. L. Moody (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1930), pp. 136-140.

   3.  Henry Drummond, Dwight L. Moody: Impressions and Facts (New York: McClure, Phillips & Co., 1900), p. 114.

   4.  E. J. Goodspeed, A Full History of the Wonderful Career of Moody and Sankey, in Great Britain and America (New York: Henry S. Goodspeed & Co., 1876), p. 168.

   5.  James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Of History, Northwestern University, 1961), pp. 104, 115-116.

   6.  A Letter from Robert Paton to Mrs. Jane MacKinnon, December 11, 1883, quoted in [Jane] MacKinnon], Recollections of D. L. Moody and His Work in Britain, 1874-1892 (London: Oliphant, Anderson & Ferrier, 1905), p. 207.

   7.  Donald Carswell, Brother Scots (New York: Harcourt, Bruce, and Co., 1927), pp. 166-167.

   8.  John MacPherson, Revival and Revival Work: A Record of the Labors of D. L. Moody and Ira D. Sankey, and other Evangelists (London: Morgan and Scott, [1876?], pp. 299-300.

   9.  David Thomson, England in the Nineteenth Century: 1815-1914, Vol. VIII in the The Pelican History of England, ed. J. E. Morpurgo (8 vols.; Baltimore: Penguin Books, 1950), pp. 126-130.

  10.  Diary of the Earl of Shaftesbury, March 9, 1875, quoted in Edin Hodder, The Life and Work of the Seventh Earl of Shaftesbury, E. G. (Popular ed.; London: Cassell & Co. Ltd., 1893), p. 688.

  11.  Hodder, Earl of Shaftesbury, p. 624.

  12.  Ibid., p. 622.

  13.  Thomson, England in the Nineteenth Century, pp. 46-48.

  14.  Hodder, Earl of Shaftesbury, p. 622.

  15.  Diary of the Earl of Shaftesbury, March 9, 1875, quoted in Hodder, Earl of Shaftesbury, p. 688.

  16.  Diary of the Earl of Shaftesbury, March 31, 1875, quoted in Hodder, Earl of Shaftesbury, p. 689.

  17.  Friedrich Engels, Socialism, Utopian and Scientific (New York: International Publishers, 1935), p. 24.

  18.  The Times (London), April 3, p. 8 and July 16, 1875, p. 4, cited in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 116.

  19.  The Spectator, XLVIII (March 13, 1875), 334, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 117.

  20.  Pall Mall Gazette, XIV (March 11, 1875), 3, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 117.

  21.  The Christian, V (November 5, 1874), 707, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 117.

  22.  William H. Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work (Hartford: American Publishing Co., 1875), p. 256.

  23.  Ibid., p. 257.

  24.  Ibid., p. 285.

  25.  Ibid.

 26.  Daily Review (Edinburgh), January 2, 1874, p. 8, quoted in William G. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press, 1959), p. 203.

  27.  Narrative of Messrs. Moody’s and Sankey’s Labours in Scotland and Ireland (Compiled from the British Evangelist and The Christian; New York: Anson D. F. Randolph co., 1875), p. 31, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 203-204.

  28.  Ibid., p. 204.

  29.  Ibid.

  30.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 363-367.

  31.  Ibid., p. 367.

  32.  Ibid.

  33.  The Times (London), June 22, 1875, p. 8, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 203.

  34.  A Letter from A. G. Gowan dated London, November 3, 1875, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 206.

  35.  Newman Hall, “Revivals,” Christian Monthly and Family Treasure, August 1881, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 206.

  36.  MacPherson, Revival and Revival Work, p. 293.

  37.  Goodspeed, Moody and Sankey, p. 79.

  38.  Ibid., p. 171.

  39.  Ibid., pp. 177-178.

  40.  Ibid., p. 179.

  41.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 343.

  42.  Ibid., p. 360.

  43.  John C. Pollock, Moody: A Biographical Portrait of the Pacesetter in Modern Mass Evangelism (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1963), pp. 243-244.

  44.  Cf., Richard K. Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), pp. 227-228.

  45.  Diary of D. W. Whittle, February 4, 1884, quoted in Pollack, Moody, pp. 244-245.

  46.  Ibid., p. 245.

  47.  Carswell, Brother Scots, pp. 160-161.

  48.  John Cockburn, The Hungry Heart: A Romantic Biography of James Keir Hardie (London: Jarrolds Publishers Ltd., 1956), p. 67.

  49.  Carswell, Brother Scots, p. 164,

  50.  William Stewart, J. Keir Hardie: A Biography (London: Assell & Co. Ltd., 1921), p. 7.

  51.  Carswell, Brother Scots, p. 164.

  52.  Stewart, J. Keir Hardie, p. 132.

  53.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 270.

  54.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 351-352.

  55.  Pollock, Moody, p. 167.

  56.  L. E. Elliott-Binns, Religion in the Victorian Era (2nd ed.; London: Lutterworth Press, 1946), p. 424.

  57.  Paulus Scharpff, History of Evangelism: Three Hundred Years of Evangelism in Germany, Great Britain, and the United States of America, trans. by Helga Bender Henry (Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 1966), p. 196.

  58.  Elliott-Binns, Religion in the Victorian Era, p. 428.

  59.  Carswell, Brother Scots, pp. 192-197.

  60.  Pollock, Moody, p. 126.

  61.  George Adam Smith, The Life of Henry Drummond (New York: Doubleday & McClure Co., 1898), pp. 61-62, 65-66.

  62.  Cf., A Book of Remembrance: The Jubilee Souvenir of the Glasgow United Evangelistic Association’s Evangelistic and Ameliorative Schemes, 1874-1924 (Glasgow: Glasgow United Evangelistic Association, 1924).

  63.  A Letter from Alex S. Bain of Glasgow to the Reverend Myron R. Chartier, February 19, 1968.

  64.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, pp. 173-175.

  65.  MacPherson, Revival and Revival Work, pp. 294-295.

  66.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 176.

  67.  John McDowell, Dwight L. Moody: The Discover of Men and the Maker of Movements (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1915), p. 21.

  68.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, pp. 175-176.

  69.  Pollock, Moody, p. 244.

  70.  Drummond, Dwight L. Moody, pp. 114-116.

VII – The Revival Campaigns in America

   1.  Goodspeed, Moody and Sankey, pp. 236-237.

   2.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, pp. 433-442.

   3.  Daily Advertiser (Boston), January 30, 1877, p. 4, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 270.

   4.  “Moody and Sankey,” The Nation, XXII (March 9, 1876), 156.

   5.  New York Times, October 25, 1875, p. 1.

   6.  “Messrs. Moody and Sankey in Brooklyn,” The Christian Advocate, L (November 11, 1875), 354.

   7.  Northwestern Christian Advocate, XXIV (October 18, 1876), 1, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 198.

   8.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, pp. 287-298.

   9.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 271.

 10.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 205-206.

  11.  Bernard A. Weinberger, They Gathered at the River: The Story of the Great Revivalists and their Impact upon Religion in America (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1958), p. 189.

VIII – Moody Bible Institute

   1.  Wilbur M. Smith, An Annotated Bibliography of D. L. Moody (Chicago: Moody Press, 1948), p. 76.

   2.  William H. Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work (Hartford: American Publishing Co., 1875), p. 187.

   3.  Circular entitled “Report and Partial Summary, Bible Work, 1885-1886,” cited in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. of History, Northwestern University, 1961), p. 255.

   4.  John C. Pollock, Moody: A biographical Portrait of the Pacesetter in Modern Mass Evangelism (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1963), p. 261.

   5.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 187.

   6.  Pollock, Moody, p. 261.

   7.  Ibid.

   8.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 256.

   9.  Arthur Percy Fitt, Moody Still Lives: Word Pictures of D. L. Moody (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1936), p. 94.

  10.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 5-6, provides a verbatim account of Moody’s speech in Chicago, quoted in Richard K. Curtis, They Called him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), p. 320.

  11.  John Higham, Strangers in the Land: Patterns of American Nativism, 1860-1925 (New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1955), pp. 52-54.

  12.  Cf., Bessie Louise Pierce, A History of Chicago (3 vols.; New York: A. A. Knopf, 1937-1957), III, chaps. vii,viii, for a good survey of labor’s activities in Chicago during these years, and Henry David, The History of the Haymarket Affairs; A Study in the American Social-Revolutionary and Labor Movements (2nd ed.; New York: Russell and Russell, Publishers, Inc., 1958).

  13.  Record of Christian Work, V (April, 1886), 3 quoted in James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Moody,’Gapmen,’ and the Gospel: the Early Days of Moody Bible Institute,” Church History, XXXI (September, 1962), 324.

  14. T. W. Harvey to “friend,” November 16, 1888, typewritten form letter in the N. F. McCormick Papers, cited in Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 324.

  15.  Chicago Inter-Ocean, November 21, 1856, p. 12, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 278.

  16.  Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 325.

  17.  Smith, Bibliography of D. L. Moody, p. 79.

  18.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 6, quoted in Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 325.

  19.  A. W. Williams, Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody (Chicago: P. W. Ziegler Co., 1900), p. 293.

  20.  Watchman-Examiner, July 15, 1920, pp. 904-905, quoted in William G. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), p. 274.

  21.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 6, quoted in Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 325.

  22.  Smith, Bibliography of D. L. Moody, p. 78.

  23.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 6 quoted in Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 325.

  24.  Ibid.

  25.  Smith, Bibliography of D. L. Moody, p. 78.

  26.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 6, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 281.

  27.  Richard Ellsworth Day, Bush Aglow: The Life Story of Dwight L. Moody, Commoner of Northfield (Philadelphia: The Judson Press, 1936), p. 264.

  28.  Margaret Blake Robinson, A Reporter at Moody’s (Chicago: The Bible Institute Colportage Association, 1900), p. 141.

IX – Summary and Conclusions

   1.  James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. of History, Northwestern University, 1961), pp. 260-278.

   2.  William G. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), chaps. iv, v.  ENDNOTES

Preface

   1.  Cf., H. Wayne Morgan (ed.), The Gilded Age: A Reappraisal (Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 1963); Evensen, Bruce J.  God’s Man for the Gilded Age: D. L. Moody and the Rise of Modern Mass Evangelism (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003).  Findlay, J. F., Jr., Dwight L. Moody: American Evangelist, 1837-1899 (Grand Rapids: Baker Book House, 1969).

   2.  Herbert G. Gutman, “Protestantism and the American Labor Movement: the Christian Spirit in the Gilded Age,” The American Historical Review, LXXXII (October, 1966), 94-95.

   3.  H. Francis Perry, “The Workingman’s Alienation from the Church,” American Journal of Sociology, IV (March, 1899), 621, 626.

   4.  William R. Moody, Life of Dwight L. Moody (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1900).

I – Dwight L. Moody

   1.  Richard K. Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), p. 18.

   2.  Lyman Abbott, Silhouettes of My Contemporaries (New York: Doubleday, Page & Co., 1921), p. 185.

   3.  Ibid., 186.

   4.  William R. Moody, D. L. Moody (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1930), p. 67.

   5.  Fifty-Five Years: The Young Men’s Christian Association of Chicago, 1858-1913 (Chicago: The Board of Managers, 1913), p. 33.

   6.  James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph. D. dissertation, Dept. Of History, Northwestern University, 1961), p. iv.

   7.  Winthrop S. Hudson, Religion in America (New York: Scribner’s, 1965), pp. 225-230.

   8.  Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, p. 335.

   9.  Ibid.

 10.  Abbott, Silhouettes of My Contemporaries, p. 187.

  11.  Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 459.

II – The Age of 1860-1900

   1.  Harold U. Faulkner, American Economic History (8th ed., New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, 1960), pp. 473-475.

   2.  Cf., Oscar Handlin, The Uprooted: The Epic Story of the Great Migrations that Made the American People (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1951).

   3.  In a letter in the Mrs. E. M. Powell Collection, cited in James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation. Dept. of History, Northwestern University, 1961), p. 25.

   4.  Bessie Louise Pierce, A History of Chicago (3 vols.; New York: A. A. Knopf, 1937-1957) III, 439.

   5.  A. Theodore Brown and Charles N. Glabb, A History of Urban America (New York:  The Macmillan Co., 1967), pp. 110-111.

   6.  Chicago Department of Health, Report 1881 and 1882 (Chicago: No Publisher Given, n.d.), p. 19, cited in Pierce, A History of Chicago, III, 55.

   7.  Arthur Meier Schlesinger, The Rise of the City, 1878-1898, Vol. X of A History of American Life,ed. Arthur M. Schlesinger and Dixon Ryan Fox (12 vols.; New York: The Macmillan Co., 1933), pp. 114, 156-159, 360.

   8.  Allan Nevis, The Emergence of Modern America, 1865-1878, Vol. VIII of A History of American Life  Arthur M. Schlesinger and Dixon Ryan Fox (12 vols.; New York: The Macmillan Co., 1927), pp. 320-321.

   9.  Jacob Riis, How the Other Half Lives: Studies among the Tenements of New York (New York: Charles Scriber’s Sons, 1890), pp. 69-70,80.

  10.  Roy Lubove, The Progressives and the Slums: Tenement House Reform in New York City, 1890-1917 (Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1962, pp. 69, 138; Nevis, The Emergence of Modern America, pp. 325, 326.  

  11.  Edwin S. Gausted, A Religious History of America (New York: Harper & Row Publishers, 1966), p. 228.

  12.  Daniel Wise, “Our unevangelized Masses,” The Christian Advocate, L (August 19, 1875), 257.

  13.  Cf., Charles Howard Hopkins, The Rise of the Social Gospel in American Protestantism, 1865-1915, Vol. XIV in the Yale Studies in Religious Education (New Haven: The Yale University Press, 1940).

III – The Workingman of the Era

   1.  Report of the Education and Labor Committee of the Senate upon the Relations Between Labor and Capital, and Testimony taken by the Committee (5 vols.; Washington: U. S. Government Printing Office, 1885), I, 473, quoted in Henry David, The History of the Haymarket Affair; A Study in the American Social Revolutionary and Labor Movements (2nd ed.; New York: Russell and Russell, Publishers, Inc., 1958), p. 7.

   2.  Ibid.

   3.  Ibid.

   4.  Report of the Education and Labor Committee of the Senate upon the Relations Between Labor and Capital, and Testimony taken by the Committee (5 vols.; Washington: U. S. Government Printing Office, 1885), III, 288.

   5.  New York Times, April 30, 1896, p. 1.

   6.  George Gotham Groat, An Introduction to the Study of Organized Labor in America (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1916), p. 166.

   7.  Henry May, Protestant Churches and Industrial America (New York: Harper & Brothers Publishers, 1949), p. 92.

   8.  Cf., Robert V. Bruce, 1877: Year of Violence (Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill Co., Inc. 1959).

   9.  Cf., David, The History of the Haymarket Affair.

  10.  Cf., Leon Wolff, Lockout: The Story of the Homestead Strike of 1892: A Study of Violence, Unionism, and the Carnegie Steel Empire (New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, 1965).

  11.  Cf., Thomas C. Manning, The Chicago Strike of 1894: Industrial Labor in the Late Nineteenth Century, Vol. IV of Government and the American Economy: 1870 to the Present, ed. Thomas G. Manning and David M. Potter (Rev. Ed.; New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1960) for documents relating to the debate’s issues.

  12.  Aaron Ignatius Abell, The Urban Impact on American Protestantism, 1865-1900, Vol. LIV of the Harvard Historical Studies (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1943), p. 64.

  13.  Fred Greenbaum, “The Social Ideas of Samuel Gompers,” Labor History, VII (Winter, 1966), 57.

  14.  Samuel Gompers, Labor and the Common Welfare (New York: E. P. Dutton & So., 1919), p. 31.

  15.  Bessie Louise Pierce, A History of Chicago (3 vols.; New York: A. A. Knopf, 1937-1957), III, 438.

  16.   Ibid., p. 439.

  17.  Washington Gladden, “The Working People and the Churches,” Independent, XXXVII (July 30, 1885), 969.

  18.  Abell, The Urban Impact on American Protestantism, p. 61.

  19.  May, Protestant Churches and Industrial America, pp. 222-223.

  20.  Pierce, A History of Chicago, III, 440-441.

  21.  “Letter from a Workingman,” Christian Union, XXXII (October 29, 1865), 7-8, quoted in Abell, The Urban Impact on American Protestantism, p. 65.

  22.  E. J. Hobshawn, Labouring Men: Studies in the History of Labour (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1964), p. 376.

  23.  Herbert G. Gutman, “Protestantism and the American Labor Movement: the Christian Spirit in the Gilded Age,” The American Historical Review, XXII (October, 1966) 81-82.

  24.  Cf., William G. McLaughlin, Jr. Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), chaps. Ii, iii, and Timothy L. Smith, Revivalism and Social Reform: American Protestantism on the Even of the Civil War (New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, 1957) for a discussion of pre-Civil War Protestant traditions.

  25.  Gutman, “Protestantism and the American Labor Movement,” 83, 99.

  26.  Ibid., 99.

  27.  Ibid.

IV – The Social Views of Dwight L. Moody

   1.  In both United States and Great Britain Moody consistently viewed “the masses” as of a lower social status than he.  Common laborer and industrial workers, immigrants, the poor, and the so-called criminal elements in society fitted into this category.  He assumed that most of these people had no religious affiliations (a predisposition that ignored the influence of the Roman Catholic Church in America).  Moody also saw them as the most likely to be affected by radical political and social doctrines.

   2.  Richard K. Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), p. 235.

   3.  William R. Moody, D. L. Moody (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1930), p. 249.

   4.  Charles R. Eerdman, D. L. Moody: His Message for Today (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1928), p. 58.

   5.  New York Times, November 9, 1896, p. 1.

   6.  Dwight L. Moody, To All People (New York: E. B. Treat, 1877), p. 494, quoted in William G. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), p. 255.
 
   7.  Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, pp. 266-267.

   8.  James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Of History, Northwestern University, 1961), p. 263.

   9.  Dwight L. Moody, Moody’s Latest Sermons (Providence: News Co., 1894), p. 454, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 255-256.

  10.  New York Times, February 19, 1876, p. 8.

  11.  William H. Daniels, Moody: His Words, Work, and Workers (New York: Nelson & Phillips, 1877), p. 430.

  12.  Dwight L. Moody, The Great Redemption (Chicago: The Century Book and Paper Co., 1889), p. 160, quoted in McLoughlin Modern Revivalism, p. 254.

  13.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, p. 431.

  14.  Moody, To All People, pp. 489-490, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 255.

  15.  Ibid., p. 256.

  16.  Charles H. Yost (ed.), Fifty Evenings of the Great Revival Meetings Conducted by Moody and Sankey (Philadelphia: Charles H. Yost, 1876), p. 391, cited in Findlay, Revivalism, pp. 261.

  17.  Moody, The Great Redemption, pp. 355-356, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 254-255.

  18.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 255.

  19.  Yost, Fifty Evenings, p. 392, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 261.

  20.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 261

  21.  New York Times, March 12, 1890, p. 9.

  22.  John McDowell and Others, What D. L. Moody Means to Me: An Anthology of Appreciations and Appraisals of the Beloved Founder of the Northfield Schools (East Northfield: The Northfield Schools, 1937), p. 9.

  23.  New York Times, February 19, 1876, p. 8.

  24.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 252.

  25.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 171.

  26.  Daily Advertiser (Boston), February 12, 1877, p. 4, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 253.

  27.  A. W. Williams, Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody (Chicago: P. W. Ziegler Co., 1900), p. 324.

  28.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 253.

  29.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, p. 66.

  30.  Hebrews 12:6a.

  31.  Moody, To All People, p. 333, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 254.

  32.  Evening Transcript (Boston), January 30, 1877, p. 2, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 256.

  33.  Moody, The Great Redemption, p. 475, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 256.

  34.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 256.

  35.  Fund-raising from letter dated March 15, 1889, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 270.

  36.  For an extensive discussion of Moody, evangelization, and Americanization, see McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 267-270.

  37.  Richard Hofstadter, Anti-intellectualism in American Life (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1964), p. 111.

  38.  Irvin G. Wylie, The Self-Made Man in America: The Myth of Rags to Riches (New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1954), pp. 67, 68.

  39.  New York Times, October 6, 1896, p. 9.

  40.  Letter from D. L. Moody to A. F. Gaylord, October 10,1896, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 272.

  41.  Dwight L. Moody, Moody’s Latest Sermons (Chicago: Moody Press, 1900), pp. 116-117, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 264.

  42.  Kansas City Star, November 11, 1899, p. 1, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 264-265.

  43. Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 264-265.

  44.  Richard Hofstadter, The Age of Reform: From Bryan to F. D. R. (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1961), pp. 131-148.

  45.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 266.

  46.  Ibid., pp. 266-267.

  47.  Ralph Henry Gabriel, The Course of American Democratic Thought (2nd ed.; New York: The Ronald Press, Co., 1956), p. 167.

  48.  Diary of D. W. Whittle, January 12, 1884, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 267-268.

  49.  Paul Moody, My Father: An Intimate Portrait of Dwight Moody (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1938), pp. 46-47.

  50.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 268-269.

  51.  Ibid, p. 269.

  52.  Ibid., p. 269-270.

  53.  Ibid., p. 270.

  54.  Dwight L. Moody, New Sermons, Addresses, and Prayers (St. Louis: Mound City, 1877), p. 223, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 271.

  55.  Evening Transcript (Boston), January 7, 1897, p. 9, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 271.

  56.  “Moody and Sankey,” The Nation, XXII (March 9, 1876), 157.

  57.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 170.

  58.  Greenfield (Mass.) Gazette and Courier, October 11, 1876, p. 2 quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 278.

  59.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, pp. 185-186.

  60.  Bernard A. Weinberger, They Gathered at the River: The Story of the Great Revivalists and their Impact upon Religion in America (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1958), p. 189.

  61.  William H. Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Works (Hartford: American Publishing Co., 1875), p. 94.

  62.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, pp. 431-432.

  63.  Cf., Andrew Carnegie, “Wealth,” North American Review, CXLVIII (June 1889), 653-664.

  64.  Dwight L. Moody, Glad Tidings (New York: E. B. Treat, 1876), p. 328, quoted in Gamaliel Bradford, D. L. Moody: A Worker in Souls (Garden City: Doubleday, Doran & Co., 1927), p. 220.

  65.  Paul Moody, My Father, pp. 181-182.

  66.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 170.

  67.  From an unidentified clipping in the Moodyana Collection, Moody Bible Institute, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 276.

  68.  Timothy L. Smith, Revivalism and Social Reform: American Protestantism on the Eve of the Civil War (New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, 1957), p. 8.

  69.  Evening Transcript (Boston), February 17, 1877, p. 2 quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 257.

  70.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, pp. 475-476.



  71.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 257.

  72.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, p. 475.

  73.  Ibid., p. 475.

  74.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 256-259.

  75.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 13.

  76.  Cf., Sidney E. Mead, “American Protestantism Since the Civil War, II, From Americanism to Christianity,” The Journal of Religion, XXXVI (April, 1956), 67-89, for a critical discussion of charity in post-Civil War Protestantism.

  77.  Quoted in Wilbur M. Smith, An Annotated Bibliography of D. L. Moody (Chicago: Moody Press, 1948), pp. 187-189.

V – Moody in Chicago

   1.  Bernard A. Weinberger, They Gathered at the River: The Story of the Great Revivalists and Their Impact upon Religion in America (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1958), p. 192.

   2.  Manual of Plymouth Congregational Church and Society of Chicago, Illinois (Chicago: No Publisher Given, 1874), p. 17, cited in James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Of History, Northwestern University, 1961), p.. 32.

   3.  William H. Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work (Hartford: American Publishing Co., 1875), pp. 31-32.

   4.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 27.

   5.  J. Wilbur Chapman, The Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody (Philadelphia: John C. Winston Co., 1900), p. 92.

   6.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 34.

   7.  William C. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), p. 174.

   8.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 33, 41.

   9.  Richard K. Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), p. 71.

  10.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 43.

  11.  Moody’s Sunday school was second in size only to the Bethany Sunday School in Philadelphia of which John Wanamaker was the founder.

  12.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 103.

  13.  Ibid., pp. 66-67.

  14.  Ibid., pp. 37-38; William R. Moody, D. L. Moody (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1930), p. 51.
 
   15.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 44.

   16.  Weinberger, They Gathered at the River, p. 184.

   17.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 44.

   18.  William R. Moody, Life of Dwight L. Moody (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1900), pp. 66-68.

   19.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 59-60.

   20.  Ibid., pp. 73-74.

   21.  Ibid., p. 39.

   22.  Ibid., p. 48.

   23.  Chapman, The Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody, p. 94.

   24.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 50-51, 102, 118.

   25.  Ibid., pp. 44, 60, 62-63.

   26.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 55-56.

   27.  John C. Pollock, Moody: A Biographical Portrait of the Pacesetter in Modern Mass Evangelism (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1963), p. 9.

  28.  Winthrop S. Hudson, Religion in America (New York: Charles Scriber’s Sons, 1965), p. 229.

  29.  A Letter from D. L. Moody to his Brothers, April 9, 1854, quoted in William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 30.

  30.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 37, 58.

  31.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 87.

  32.  Ibid., p. 90.

  33.  Bessie Louise Pierce, A History of Chicago (3 vols.; New York: A. A. Knopf, 1937-1957), III, 378.

  34.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 101.

  35.  The Advance, March 29, April 30, 1868, April 15, 1869, June 23, 1870, May 25, 1871, cited in Pierce, A History of Chicago, II, 378.

  36.  The Advance, March 19, 1868, cited in Pierce, A History of Chicago, II, 378.

  37.  Charles F. Goss, Echoes from the Pulpit and Platform (Hartford, Conn.: A. D. Worthington and Co., 1900), pp. 243-244, cited in Curtis, They Called Him Mr. Moody, pp. 100-101.

  38.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 151.

  39.  Ibid., pp. 121-158, 200.

  40.  John McDowell, Dwight L. Moody: The Discoverer of Men and the Maker of Movements (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co.,1915), p. 13.

  41.  Charles Howard Hopkins, History of the Y.M.C.A. in North America (New York: Association Press, 1951), p. 158.

  42.  Curtis, They Called Him Mr. Moody, p. 319.

  43.  Richard C. Morse, History of the North American Young Men’s Christian Association (New York: Association Press, 1913), p. 123.

  44.  Hopkins, History of the Y.M.C.A., p. 6.

  45.  Ibid., pp. 227, 237.

  46.  Ibid., pp. 234, 240.

  47.  Ibid., p. 139.

  48.  Ibid., p. 235.

  49.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 103-104.

  50.  Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, p. 111.

  51.  Pollock, Moody, p. 54.

  52.  A. W. Williams, Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody (Chicago: P. W. Ziegler Co., 1900), p. 324.

  53.  Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, p. 111.

  54.  Richard Ellsworth Day, Bush Aglow: The Life Story of Dwight Lyman Moody, Commoner of Northfield (Philadelphia: The Judson Press, 1936), p. 113.

  55.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 57.

  56.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 108.

  57.  The Chicago Pulpit, May 1872, quoted in Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, p. 116.

  58.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 120.

  59.  Ibid., p.113.

  60.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 100.

  61.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 176.

VI – The Revival Campaigns in Great Britain

   1.  Arthur Percy Fitt, Moody Still Lives: Word Pictures of D. L. Moody (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1936), p. 53.

   2.  William R. Moody, D. L. Moody (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1930), pp. 136-140.

   3.  Henry Drummond, Dwight L. Moody: Impressions and Facts (New York: McClure, Phillips & Co., 1900), p. 114.

   4.  E. J. Goodspeed, A Full History of the Wonderful Career of Moody and Sankey, in Great Britain and America (New York: Henry S. Goodspeed & Co., 1876), p. 168.

   5.  James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Of History, Northwestern University, 1961), pp. 104, 115-116.

   6.  A Letter from Robert Paton to Mrs. Jane MacKinnon, December 11, 1883, quoted in [Jane] MacKinnon], Recollections of D. L. Moody and His Work in Britain, 1874-1892 (London: Oliphant, Anderson & Ferrier, 1905), p. 207.

   7.  Donald Carswell, Brother Scots (New York: Harcourt, Bruce, and Co., 1927), pp. 166-167.

   8.  John MacPherson, Revival and Revival Work: A Record of the Labors of D. L. Moody and Ira D. Sankey, and other Evangelists (London: Morgan and Scott, [1876?], pp. 299-300.

   9.  David Thomson, England in the Nineteenth Century: 1815-1914, Vol. VIII in the The Pelican History of England, ed. J. E. Morpurgo (8 vols.; Baltimore: Penguin Books, 1950), pp. 126-130.

  10.  Diary of the Earl of Shaftesbury, March 9, 1875, quoted in Edin Hodder, The Life and Work of the Seventh Earl of Shaftesbury, E. G. (Popular ed.; London: Cassell & Co. Ltd., 1893), p. 688.

  11.  Hodder, Earl of Shaftesbury, p. 624.

  12.  Ibid., p. 622.

  13.  Thomson, England in the Nineteenth Century, pp. 46-48.

  14.  Hodder, Earl of Shaftesbury, p. 622.

  15.  Diary of the Earl of Shaftesbury, March 9, 1875, quoted in Hodder, Earl of Shaftesbury, p. 688.

  16.  Diary of the Earl of Shaftesbury, March 31, 1875, quoted in Hodder, Earl of Shaftesbury, p. 689.

  17.  Friedrich Engels, Socialism, Utopian and Scientific (New York: International Publishers, 1935), p. 24.

  18.  The Times (London), April 3, p. 8 and July 16, 1875, p. 4, cited in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 116.

  19.  The Spectator, XLVIII (March 13, 1875), 334, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 117.

  20.  Pall Mall Gazette, XIV (March 11, 1875), 3, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 117.

  21.  The Christian, V (November 5, 1874), 707, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 117.

  22.  William H. Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work (Hartford: American Publishing Co., 1875), p. 256.

  23.  Ibid., p. 257.

  24.  Ibid., p. 285.

  25.  Ibid.

 26.  Daily Review (Edinburgh), January 2, 1874, p. 8, quoted in William G. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press, 1959), p. 203.

  27.  Narrative of Messrs. Moody’s and Sankey’s Labours in Scotland and Ireland (Compiled from the British Evangelist and The Christian; New York: Anson D. F. Randolph co., 1875), p. 31, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 203-204.

  28.  Ibid., p. 204.

  29.  Ibid.

  30.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 363-367.

  31.  Ibid., p. 367.

  32.  Ibid.

  33.  The Times (London), June 22, 1875, p. 8, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 203.

  34.  A Letter from A. G. Gowan dated London, November 3, 1875, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 206.

  35.  Newman Hall, “Revivals,” Christian Monthly and Family Treasure, August 1881, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 206.

  36.  MacPherson, Revival and Revival Work, p. 293.

  37.  Goodspeed, Moody and Sankey, p. 79.

  38.  Ibid., p. 171.

  39.  Ibid., pp. 177-178.

  40.  Ibid., p. 179.

  41.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 343.

  42.  Ibid., p. 360.

  43.  John C. Pollock, Moody: A Biographical Portrait of the Pacesetter in Modern Mass Evangelism (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1963), pp. 243-244.

  44.  Cf., Richard K. Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), pp. 227-228.

  45.  Diary of D. W. Whittle, February 4, 1884, quoted in Pollack, Moody, pp. 244-245.

  46.  Ibid., p. 245.

  47.  Carswell, Brother Scots, pp. 160-161.

  48.  John Cockburn, The Hungry Heart: A Romantic Biography of James Keir Hardie (London: Jarrolds Publishers Ltd., 1956), p. 67.

  49.  Carswell, Brother Scots, p. 164,

  50.  William Stewart, J. Keir Hardie: A Biography (London: Assell & Co. Ltd., 1921), p. 7.

  51.  Carswell, Brother Scots, p. 164.

  52.  Stewart, J. Keir Hardie, p. 132.

  53.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 270.

  54.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 351-352.

  55.  Pollock, Moody, p. 167.

  56.  L. E. Elliott-Binns, Religion in the Victorian Era (2nd ed.; London: Lutterworth Press, 1946), p. 424.

  57.  Paulus Scharpff, History of Evangelism: Three Hundred Years of Evangelism in Germany, Great Britain, and the United States of America, trans. by Helga Bender Henry (Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 1966), p. 196.

  58.  Elliott-Binns, Religion in the Victorian Era, p. 428.

  59.  Carswell, Brother Scots, pp. 192-197.

  60.  Pollock, Moody, p. 126.

  61.  George Adam Smith, The Life of Henry Drummond (New York: Doubleday & McClure Co., 1898), pp. 61-62, 65-66.

  62.  Cf., A Book of Remembrance: The Jubilee Souvenir of the Glasgow United Evangelistic Association’s Evangelistic and Ameliorative Schemes, 1874-1924 (Glasgow: Glasgow United Evangelistic Association, 1924).

  63.  A Letter from Alex S. Bain of Glasgow to the Reverend Myron R. Chartier, February 19, 1968.

  64.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, pp. 173-175.

  65.  MacPherson, Revival and Revival Work, pp. 294-295.

  66.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 176.

  67.  John McDowell, Dwight L. Moody: The Discover of Men and the Maker of Movements (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1915), p. 21.

  68.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, pp. 175-176.

  69.  Pollock, Moody, p. 244.

  70.  Drummond, Dwight L. Moody, pp. 114-116.

VII – The Revival Campaigns in America

   1.  Goodspeed, Moody and Sankey, pp. 236-237.

   2.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, pp. 433-442.

   3.  Daily Advertiser (Boston), January 30, 1877, p. 4, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 270.

   4.  “Moody and Sankey,” The Nation, XXII (March 9, 1876), 156.

   5.  New York Times, October 25, 1875, p. 1.

   6.  “Messrs. Moody and Sankey in Brooklyn,” The Christian Advocate, L (November 11, 1875), 354.

   7.  Northwestern Christian Advocate, XXIV (October 18, 1876), 1, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 198.

   8.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, pp. 287-298.

   9.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 271.

 10.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 205-206.

  11.  Bernard A. Weinberger, They Gathered at the River: The Story of the Great Revivalists and their Impact upon Religion in America (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1958), p. 189.

VIII – Moody Bible Institute

   1.  Wilbur M. Smith, An Annotated Bibliography of D. L. Moody (Chicago: Moody Press, 1948), p. 76.

   2.  William H. Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work (Hartford: American Publishing Co., 1875), p. 187.

   3.  Circular entitled “Report and Partial Summary, Bible Work, 1885-1886,” cited in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. of History, Northwestern University, 1961), p. 255.

   4.  John C. Pollock, Moody: A biographical Portrait of the Pacesetter in Modern Mass Evangelism (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1963), p. 261.

   5.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 187.

   6.  Pollock, Moody, p. 261.

   7.  Ibid.

   8.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 256.

   9.  Arthur Percy Fitt, Moody Still Lives: Word Pictures of D. L. Moody (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1936), p. 94.

  10.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 5-6, provides a verbatim account of Moody’s speech in Chicago, quoted in Richard K. Curtis, They Called him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), p. 320.

  11.  John Higham, Strangers in the Land: Patterns of American Nativism, 1860-1925 (New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1955), pp. 52-54.

  12.  Cf., Bessie Louise Pierce, A History of Chicago (3 vols.; New York: A. A. Knopf, 1937-1957), III, chaps. vii,viii, for a good survey of labor’s activities in Chicago during these years, and Henry David, The History of the Haymarket Affairs; A Study in the American Social-Revolutionary and Labor Movements (2nd ed.; New York: Russell and Russell, Publishers, Inc., 1958).

  13.  Record of Christian Work, V (April, 1886), 3 quoted in James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Moody,’Gapmen,’ and the Gospel: the Early Days of Moody Bible Institute,” Church History, XXXI (September, 1962), 324.

  14. T. W. Harvey to “friend,” November 16, 1888, typewritten form letter in the N. F. McCormick Papers, cited in Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 324.

  15.  Chicago Inter-Ocean, November 21, 1856, p. 12, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 278.

  16.  Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 325.

  17.  Smith, Bibliography of D. L. Moody, p. 79.

  18.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 6, quoted in Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 325.

  19.  A. W. Williams, Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody (Chicago: P. W. Ziegler Co., 1900), p. 293.

  20.  Watchman-Examiner, July 15, 1920, pp. 904-905, quoted in William G. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), p. 274.

  21.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 6, quoted in Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 325.

  22.  Smith, Bibliography of D. L. Moody, p. 78.

  23.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 6 quoted in Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 325.

  24.  Ibid.

  25.  Smith, Bibliography of D. L. Moody, p. 78.

  26.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 6, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 281.

  27.  Richard Ellsworth Day, Bush Aglow: The Life Story of Dwight L. Moody, Commoner of Northfield (Philadelphia: The Judson Press, 1936), p. 264.

  28.  Margaret Blake Robinson, A Reporter at Moody’s (Chicago: The Bible Institute Colportage Association, 1900), p. 141.

IX – Summary and Conclusions

   1.  James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. of History, Northwestern University, 1961), pp. 260-278.

   2.  William G. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), chaps. iv, v.  ENDNOTES

Preface

   1.  Cf., H. Wayne Morgan (ed.), The Gilded Age: A Reappraisal (Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 1963); Evensen, Bruce J.  God’s Man for the Gilded Age: D. L. Moody and the Rise of Modern Mass Evangelism (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003).  Findlay, J. F., Jr., Dwight L. Moody: American Evangelist, 1837-1899 (Grand Rapids: Baker Book House, 1969).

   2.  Herbert G. Gutman, “Protestantism and the American Labor Movement: the Christian Spirit in the Gilded Age,” The American Historical Review, LXXXII (October, 1966), 94-95.

   3.  H. Francis Perry, “The Workingman’s Alienation from the Church,” American Journal of Sociology, IV (March, 1899), 621, 626.

   4.  William R. Moody, Life of Dwight L. Moody (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1900).

I – Dwight L. Moody

   1.  Richard K. Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), p. 18.

   2.  Lyman Abbott, Silhouettes of My Contemporaries (New York: Doubleday, Page & Co., 1921), p. 185.

   3.  Ibid., 186.

   4.  William R. Moody, D. L. Moody (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1930), p. 67.

   5.  Fifty-Five Years: The Young Men’s Christian Association of Chicago, 1858-1913 (Chicago: The Board of Managers, 1913), p. 33.

   6.  James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph. D. dissertation, Dept. Of History, Northwestern University, 1961), p. iv.

   7.  Winthrop S. Hudson, Religion in America (New York: Scribner’s, 1965), pp. 225-230.

   8.  Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, p. 335.

   9.  Ibid.

 10.  Abbott, Silhouettes of My Contemporaries, p. 187.

  11.  Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 459.

II – The Age of 1860-1900

   1.  Harold U. Faulkner, American Economic History (8th ed., New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, 1960), pp. 473-475.

   2.  Cf., Oscar Handlin, The Uprooted: The Epic Story of the Great Migrations that Made the American People (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1951).

   3.  In a letter in the Mrs. E. M. Powell Collection, cited in James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation. Dept. of History, Northwestern University, 1961), p. 25.

   4.  Bessie Louise Pierce, A History of Chicago (3 vols.; New York: A. A. Knopf, 1937-1957) III, 439.

   5.  A. Theodore Brown and Charles N. Glabb, A History of Urban America (New York:  The Macmillan Co., 1967), pp. 110-111.

   6.  Chicago Department of Health, Report 1881 and 1882 (Chicago: No Publisher Given, n.d.), p. 19, cited in Pierce, A History of Chicago, III, 55.

   7.  Arthur Meier Schlesinger, The Rise of the City, 1878-1898, Vol. X of A History of American Life,ed. Arthur M. Schlesinger and Dixon Ryan Fox (12 vols.; New York: The Macmillan Co., 1933), pp. 114, 156-159, 360.

   8.  Allan Nevis, The Emergence of Modern America, 1865-1878, Vol. VIII of A History of American Life  Arthur M. Schlesinger and Dixon Ryan Fox (12 vols.; New York: The Macmillan Co., 1927), pp. 320-321.

   9.  Jacob Riis, How the Other Half Lives: Studies among the Tenements of New York (New York: Charles Scriber’s Sons, 1890), pp. 69-70,80.

  10.  Roy Lubove, The Progressives and the Slums: Tenement House Reform in New York City, 1890-1917 (Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1962, pp. 69, 138; Nevis, The Emergence of Modern America, pp. 325, 326.  

  11.  Edwin S. Gausted, A Religious History of America (New York: Harper & Row Publishers, 1966), p. 228.

  12.  Daniel Wise, “Our unevangelized Masses,” The Christian Advocate, L (August 19, 1875), 257.

  13.  Cf., Charles Howard Hopkins, The Rise of the Social Gospel in American Protestantism, 1865-1915, Vol. XIV in the Yale Studies in Religious Education (New Haven: The Yale University Press, 1940).

III – The Workingman of the Era

   1.  Report of the Education and Labor Committee of the Senate upon the Relations Between Labor and Capital, and Testimony taken by the Committee (5 vols.; Washington: U. S. Government Printing Office, 1885), I, 473, quoted in Henry David, The History of the Haymarket Affair; A Study in the American Social Revolutionary and Labor Movements (2nd ed.; New York: Russell and Russell, Publishers, Inc., 1958), p. 7.

   2.  Ibid.

   3.  Ibid.

   4.  Report of the Education and Labor Committee of the Senate upon the Relations Between Labor and Capital, and Testimony taken by the Committee (5 vols.; Washington: U. S. Government Printing Office, 1885), III, 288.

   5.  New York Times, April 30, 1896, p. 1.

   6.  George Gotham Groat, An Introduction to the Study of Organized Labor in America (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1916), p. 166.

   7.  Henry May, Protestant Churches and Industrial America (New York: Harper & Brothers Publishers, 1949), p. 92.

   8.  Cf., Robert V. Bruce, 1877: Year of Violence (Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill Co., Inc. 1959).

   9.  Cf., David, The History of the Haymarket Affair.

  10.  Cf., Leon Wolff, Lockout: The Story of the Homestead Strike of 1892: A Study of Violence, Unionism, and the Carnegie Steel Empire (New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, 1965).

  11.  Cf., Thomas C. Manning, The Chicago Strike of 1894: Industrial Labor in the Late Nineteenth Century, Vol. IV of Government and the American Economy: 1870 to the Present, ed. Thomas G. Manning and David M. Potter (Rev. Ed.; New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1960) for documents relating to the debate’s issues.

  12.  Aaron Ignatius Abell, The Urban Impact on American Protestantism, 1865-1900, Vol. LIV of the Harvard Historical Studies (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1943), p. 64.

  13.  Fred Greenbaum, “The Social Ideas of Samuel Gompers,” Labor History, VII (Winter, 1966), 57.

  14.  Samuel Gompers, Labor and the Common Welfare (New York: E. P. Dutton & So., 1919), p. 31.

  15.  Bessie Louise Pierce, A History of Chicago (3 vols.; New York: A. A. Knopf, 1937-1957), III, 438.

  16.   Ibid., p. 439.

  17.  Washington Gladden, “The Working People and the Churches,” Independent, XXXVII (July 30, 1885), 969.

  18.  Abell, The Urban Impact on American Protestantism, p. 61.

  19.  May, Protestant Churches and Industrial America, pp. 222-223.

  20.  Pierce, A History of Chicago, III, 440-441.

  21.  “Letter from a Workingman,” Christian Union, XXXII (October 29, 1865), 7-8, quoted in Abell, The Urban Impact on American Protestantism, p. 65.

  22.  E. J. Hobshawn, Labouring Men: Studies in the History of Labour (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1964), p. 376.

  23.  Herbert G. Gutman, “Protestantism and the American Labor Movement: the Christian Spirit in the Gilded Age,” The American Historical Review, XXII (October, 1966) 81-82.

  24.  Cf., William G. McLaughlin, Jr. Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), chaps. Ii, iii, and Timothy L. Smith, Revivalism and Social Reform: American Protestantism on the Even of the Civil War (New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, 1957) for a discussion of pre-Civil War Protestant traditions.

  25.  Gutman, “Protestantism and the American Labor Movement,” 83, 99.

  26.  Ibid., 99.

  27.  Ibid.

IV – The Social Views of Dwight L. Moody

   1.  In both United States and Great Britain Moody consistently viewed “the masses” as of a lower social status than he.  Common laborer and industrial workers, immigrants, the poor, and the so-called criminal elements in society fitted into this category.  He assumed that most of these people had no religious affiliations (a predisposition that ignored the influence of the Roman Catholic Church in America).  Moody also saw them as the most likely to be affected by radical political and social doctrines.

   2.  Richard K. Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), p. 235.

   3.  William R. Moody, D. L. Moody (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1930), p. 249.

   4.  Charles R. Eerdman, D. L. Moody: His Message for Today (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1928), p. 58.

   5.  New York Times, November 9, 1896, p. 1.

   6.  Dwight L. Moody, To All People (New York: E. B. Treat, 1877), p. 494, quoted in William G. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), p. 255.
 
   7.  Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, pp. 266-267.

   8.  James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Of History, Northwestern University, 1961), p. 263.

   9.  Dwight L. Moody, Moody’s Latest Sermons (Providence: News Co., 1894), p. 454, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 255-256.

  10.  New York Times, February 19, 1876, p. 8.

  11.  William H. Daniels, Moody: His Words, Work, and Workers (New York: Nelson & Phillips, 1877), p. 430.

  12.  Dwight L. Moody, The Great Redemption (Chicago: The Century Book and Paper Co., 1889), p. 160, quoted in McLoughlin Modern Revivalism, p. 254.

  13.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, p. 431.

  14.  Moody, To All People, pp. 489-490, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 255.

  15.  Ibid., p. 256.

  16.  Charles H. Yost (ed.), Fifty Evenings of the Great Revival Meetings Conducted by Moody and Sankey (Philadelphia: Charles H. Yost, 1876), p. 391, cited in Findlay, Revivalism, pp. 261.

  17.  Moody, The Great Redemption, pp. 355-356, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 254-255.

  18.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 255.

  19.  Yost, Fifty Evenings, p. 392, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 261.

  20.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 261

  21.  New York Times, March 12, 1890, p. 9.

  22.  John McDowell and Others, What D. L. Moody Means to Me: An Anthology of Appreciations and Appraisals of the Beloved Founder of the Northfield Schools (East Northfield: The Northfield Schools, 1937), p. 9.

  23.  New York Times, February 19, 1876, p. 8.

  24.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 252.

  25.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 171.

  26.  Daily Advertiser (Boston), February 12, 1877, p. 4, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 253.

  27.  A. W. Williams, Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody (Chicago: P. W. Ziegler Co., 1900), p. 324.

  28.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 253.

  29.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, p. 66.

  30.  Hebrews 12:6a.

  31.  Moody, To All People, p. 333, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 254.

  32.  Evening Transcript (Boston), January 30, 1877, p. 2, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 256.

  33.  Moody, The Great Redemption, p. 475, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 256.

  34.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 256.

  35.  Fund-raising from letter dated March 15, 1889, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 270.

  36.  For an extensive discussion of Moody, evangelization, and Americanization, see McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 267-270.

  37.  Richard Hofstadter, Anti-intellectualism in American Life (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1964), p. 111.

  38.  Irvin G. Wylie, The Self-Made Man in America: The Myth of Rags to Riches (New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1954), pp. 67, 68.

  39.  New York Times, October 6, 1896, p. 9.

  40.  Letter from D. L. Moody to A. F. Gaylord, October 10,1896, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 272.

  41.  Dwight L. Moody, Moody’s Latest Sermons (Chicago: Moody Press, 1900), pp. 116-117, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 264.

  42.  Kansas City Star, November 11, 1899, p. 1, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 264-265.

  43. Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 264-265.

  44.  Richard Hofstadter, The Age of Reform: From Bryan to F. D. R. (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1961), pp. 131-148.

  45.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 266.

  46.  Ibid., pp. 266-267.

  47.  Ralph Henry Gabriel, The Course of American Democratic Thought (2nd ed.; New York: The Ronald Press, Co., 1956), p. 167.

  48.  Diary of D. W. Whittle, January 12, 1884, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 267-268.

  49.  Paul Moody, My Father: An Intimate Portrait of Dwight Moody (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1938), pp. 46-47.

  50.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 268-269.

  51.  Ibid, p. 269.

  52.  Ibid., p. 269-270.

  53.  Ibid., p. 270.

  54.  Dwight L. Moody, New Sermons, Addresses, and Prayers (St. Louis: Mound City, 1877), p. 223, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 271.

  55.  Evening Transcript (Boston), January 7, 1897, p. 9, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 271.

  56.  “Moody and Sankey,” The Nation, XXII (March 9, 1876), 157.

  57.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 170.

  58.  Greenfield (Mass.) Gazette and Courier, October 11, 1876, p. 2 quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 278.

  59.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, pp. 185-186.

  60.  Bernard A. Weinberger, They Gathered at the River: The Story of the Great Revivalists and their Impact upon Religion in America (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1958), p. 189.

  61.  William H. Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Works (Hartford: American Publishing Co., 1875), p. 94.

  62.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, pp. 431-432.

  63.  Cf., Andrew Carnegie, “Wealth,” North American Review, CXLVIII (June 1889), 653-664.

  64.  Dwight L. Moody, Glad Tidings (New York: E. B. Treat, 1876), p. 328, quoted in Gamaliel Bradford, D. L. Moody: A Worker in Souls (Garden City: Doubleday, Doran & Co., 1927), p. 220.

  65.  Paul Moody, My Father, pp. 181-182.

  66.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 170.

  67.  From an unidentified clipping in the Moodyana Collection, Moody Bible Institute, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 276.

  68.  Timothy L. Smith, Revivalism and Social Reform: American Protestantism on the Eve of the Civil War (New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, 1957), p. 8.

  69.  Evening Transcript (Boston), February 17, 1877, p. 2 quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 257.

  70.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, pp. 475-476.



  71.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 257.

  72.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, p. 475.

  73.  Ibid., p. 475.

  74.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 256-259.

  75.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 13.

  76.  Cf., Sidney E. Mead, “American Protestantism Since the Civil War, II, From Americanism to Christianity,” The Journal of Religion, XXXVI (April, 1956), 67-89, for a critical discussion of charity in post-Civil War Protestantism.

  77.  Quoted in Wilbur M. Smith, An Annotated Bibliography of D. L. Moody (Chicago: Moody Press, 1948), pp. 187-189.

V – Moody in Chicago

   1.  Bernard A. Weinberger, They Gathered at the River: The Story of the Great Revivalists and Their Impact upon Religion in America (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1958), p. 192.

   2.  Manual of Plymouth Congregational Church and Society of Chicago, Illinois (Chicago: No Publisher Given, 1874), p. 17, cited in James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Of History, Northwestern University, 1961), p.. 32.

   3.  William H. Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work (Hartford: American Publishing Co., 1875), pp. 31-32.

   4.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 27.

   5.  J. Wilbur Chapman, The Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody (Philadelphia: John C. Winston Co., 1900), p. 92.

   6.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 34.

   7.  William C. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), p. 174.

   8.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 33, 41.

   9.  Richard K. Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), p. 71.

  10.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 43.

  11.  Moody’s Sunday school was second in size only to the Bethany Sunday School in Philadelphia of which John Wanamaker was the founder.

  12.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 103.

  13.  Ibid., pp. 66-67.

  14.  Ibid., pp. 37-38; William R. Moody, D. L. Moody (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1930), p. 51.
 
   15.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 44.

   16.  Weinberger, They Gathered at the River, p. 184.

   17.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 44.

   18.  William R. Moody, Life of Dwight L. Moody (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1900), pp. 66-68.

   19.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 59-60.

   20.  Ibid., pp. 73-74.

   21.  Ibid., p. 39.

   22.  Ibid., p. 48.

   23.  Chapman, The Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody, p. 94.

   24.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 50-51, 102, 118.

   25.  Ibid., pp. 44, 60, 62-63.

   26.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 55-56.

   27.  John C. Pollock, Moody: A Biographical Portrait of the Pacesetter in Modern Mass Evangelism (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1963), p. 9.

  28.  Winthrop S. Hudson, Religion in America (New York: Charles Scriber’s Sons, 1965), p. 229.

  29.  A Letter from D. L. Moody to his Brothers, April 9, 1854, quoted in William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 30.

  30.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 37, 58.

  31.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 87.

  32.  Ibid., p. 90.

  33.  Bessie Louise Pierce, A History of Chicago (3 vols.; New York: A. A. Knopf, 1937-1957), III, 378.

  34.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 101.

  35.  The Advance, March 29, April 30, 1868, April 15, 1869, June 23, 1870, May 25, 1871, cited in Pierce, A History of Chicago, II, 378.

  36.  The Advance, March 19, 1868, cited in Pierce, A History of Chicago, II, 378.

  37.  Charles F. Goss, Echoes from the Pulpit and Platform (Hartford, Conn.: A. D. Worthington and Co., 1900), pp. 243-244, cited in Curtis, They Called Him Mr. Moody, pp. 100-101.

  38.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 151.

  39.  Ibid., pp. 121-158, 200.

  40.  John McDowell, Dwight L. Moody: The Discoverer of Men and the Maker of Movements (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co.,1915), p. 13.

  41.  Charles Howard Hopkins, History of the Y.M.C.A. in North America (New York: Association Press, 1951), p. 158.

  42.  Curtis, They Called Him Mr. Moody, p. 319.

  43.  Richard C. Morse, History of the North American Young Men’s Christian Association (New York: Association Press, 1913), p. 123.

  44.  Hopkins, History of the Y.M.C.A., p. 6.

  45.  Ibid., pp. 227, 237.

  46.  Ibid., pp. 234, 240.

  47.  Ibid., p. 139.

  48.  Ibid., p. 235.

  49.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 103-104.

  50.  Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, p. 111.

  51.  Pollock, Moody, p. 54.

  52.  A. W. Williams, Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody (Chicago: P. W. Ziegler Co., 1900), p. 324.

  53.  Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, p. 111.

  54.  Richard Ellsworth Day, Bush Aglow: The Life Story of Dwight Lyman Moody, Commoner of Northfield (Philadelphia: The Judson Press, 1936), p. 113.

  55.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 57.

  56.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 108.

  57.  The Chicago Pulpit, May 1872, quoted in Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, p. 116.

  58.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 120.

  59.  Ibid., p.113.

  60.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 100.

  61.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 176.

VI – The Revival Campaigns in Great Britain

   1.  Arthur Percy Fitt, Moody Still Lives: Word Pictures of D. L. Moody (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1936), p. 53.

   2.  William R. Moody, D. L. Moody (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1930), pp. 136-140.

   3.  Henry Drummond, Dwight L. Moody: Impressions and Facts (New York: McClure, Phillips & Co., 1900), p. 114.

   4.  E. J. Goodspeed, A Full History of the Wonderful Career of Moody and Sankey, in Great Britain and America (New York: Henry S. Goodspeed & Co., 1876), p. 168.

   5.  James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Of History, Northwestern University, 1961), pp. 104, 115-116.

   6.  A Letter from Robert Paton to Mrs. Jane MacKinnon, December 11, 1883, quoted in [Jane] MacKinnon], Recollections of D. L. Moody and His Work in Britain, 1874-1892 (London: Oliphant, Anderson & Ferrier, 1905), p. 207.

   7.  Donald Carswell, Brother Scots (New York: Harcourt, Bruce, and Co., 1927), pp. 166-167.

   8.  John MacPherson, Revival and Revival Work: A Record of the Labors of D. L. Moody and Ira D. Sankey, and other Evangelists (London: Morgan and Scott, [1876?], pp. 299-300.

   9.  David Thomson, England in the Nineteenth Century: 1815-1914, Vol. VIII in the The Pelican History of England, ed. J. E. Morpurgo (8 vols.; Baltimore: Penguin Books, 1950), pp. 126-130.

  10.  Diary of the Earl of Shaftesbury, March 9, 1875, quoted in Edin Hodder, The Life and Work of the Seventh Earl of Shaftesbury, E. G. (Popular ed.; London: Cassell & Co. Ltd., 1893), p. 688.

  11.  Hodder, Earl of Shaftesbury, p. 624.

  12.  Ibid., p. 622.

  13.  Thomson, England in the Nineteenth Century, pp. 46-48.

  14.  Hodder, Earl of Shaftesbury, p. 622.

  15.  Diary of the Earl of Shaftesbury, March 9, 1875, quoted in Hodder, Earl of Shaftesbury, p. 688.

  16.  Diary of the Earl of Shaftesbury, March 31, 1875, quoted in Hodder, Earl of Shaftesbury, p. 689.

  17.  Friedrich Engels, Socialism, Utopian and Scientific (New York: International Publishers, 1935), p. 24.

  18.  The Times (London), April 3, p. 8 and July 16, 1875, p. 4, cited in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 116.

  19.  The Spectator, XLVIII (March 13, 1875), 334, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 117.

  20.  Pall Mall Gazette, XIV (March 11, 1875), 3, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 117.

  21.  The Christian, V (November 5, 1874), 707, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 117.

  22.  William H. Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work (Hartford: American Publishing Co., 1875), p. 256.

  23.  Ibid., p. 257.

  24.  Ibid., p. 285.

  25.  Ibid.

 26.  Daily Review (Edinburgh), January 2, 1874, p. 8, quoted in William G. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press, 1959), p. 203.

  27.  Narrative of Messrs. Moody’s and Sankey’s Labours in Scotland and Ireland (Compiled from the British Evangelist and The Christian; New York: Anson D. F. Randolph co., 1875), p. 31, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 203-204.

  28.  Ibid., p. 204.

  29.  Ibid.

  30.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 363-367.

  31.  Ibid., p. 367.

  32.  Ibid.

  33.  The Times (London), June 22, 1875, p. 8, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 203.

  34.  A Letter from A. G. Gowan dated London, November 3, 1875, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 206.

  35.  Newman Hall, “Revivals,” Christian Monthly and Family Treasure, August 1881, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 206.

  36.  MacPherson, Revival and Revival Work, p. 293.

  37.  Goodspeed, Moody and Sankey, p. 79.

  38.  Ibid., p. 171.

  39.  Ibid., pp. 177-178.

  40.  Ibid., p. 179.

  41.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 343.

  42.  Ibid., p. 360.

  43.  John C. Pollock, Moody: A Biographical Portrait of the Pacesetter in Modern Mass Evangelism (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1963), pp. 243-244.

  44.  Cf., Richard K. Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), pp. 227-228.

  45.  Diary of D. W. Whittle, February 4, 1884, quoted in Pollack, Moody, pp. 244-245.

  46.  Ibid., p. 245.

  47.  Carswell, Brother Scots, pp. 160-161.

  48.  John Cockburn, The Hungry Heart: A Romantic Biography of James Keir Hardie (London: Jarrolds Publishers Ltd., 1956), p. 67.

  49.  Carswell, Brother Scots, p. 164,

  50.  William Stewart, J. Keir Hardie: A Biography (London: Assell & Co. Ltd., 1921), p. 7.

  51.  Carswell, Brother Scots, p. 164.

  52.  Stewart, J. Keir Hardie, p. 132.

  53.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 270.

  54.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 351-352.

  55.  Pollock, Moody, p. 167.

  56.  L. E. Elliott-Binns, Religion in the Victorian Era (2nd ed.; London: Lutterworth Press, 1946), p. 424.

  57.  Paulus Scharpff, History of Evangelism: Three Hundred Years of Evangelism in Germany, Great Britain, and the United States of America, trans. by Helga Bender Henry (Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 1966), p. 196.

  58.  Elliott-Binns, Religion in the Victorian Era, p. 428.

  59.  Carswell, Brother Scots, pp. 192-197.

  60.  Pollock, Moody, p. 126.

  61.  George Adam Smith, The Life of Henry Drummond (New York: Doubleday & McClure Co., 1898), pp. 61-62, 65-66.

  62.  Cf., A Book of Remembrance: The Jubilee Souvenir of the Glasgow United Evangelistic Association’s Evangelistic and Ameliorative Schemes, 1874-1924 (Glasgow: Glasgow United Evangelistic Association, 1924).

  63.  A Letter from Alex S. Bain of Glasgow to the Reverend Myron R. Chartier, February 19, 1968.

  64.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, pp. 173-175.

  65.  MacPherson, Revival and Revival Work, pp. 294-295.

  66.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 176.

  67.  John McDowell, Dwight L. Moody: The Discover of Men and the Maker of Movements (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1915), p. 21.

  68.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, pp. 175-176.

  69.  Pollock, Moody, p. 244.

  70.  Drummond, Dwight L. Moody, pp. 114-116.

VII – The Revival Campaigns in America

   1.  Goodspeed, Moody and Sankey, pp. 236-237.

   2.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, pp. 433-442.

   3.  Daily Advertiser (Boston), January 30, 1877, p. 4, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 270.

   4.  “Moody and Sankey,” The Nation, XXII (March 9, 1876), 156.

   5.  New York Times, October 25, 1875, p. 1.

   6.  “Messrs. Moody and Sankey in Brooklyn,” The Christian Advocate, L (November 11, 1875), 354.

   7.  Northwestern Christian Advocate, XXIV (October 18, 1876), 1, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 198.

   8.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, pp. 287-298.

   9.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 271.

 10.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 205-206.

  11.  Bernard A. Weinberger, They Gathered at the River: The Story of the Great Revivalists and their Impact upon Religion in America (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1958), p. 189.

VIII – Moody Bible Institute

   1.  Wilbur M. Smith, An Annotated Bibliography of D. L. Moody (Chicago: Moody Press, 1948), p. 76.

   2.  William H. Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work (Hartford: American Publishing Co., 1875), p. 187.

   3.  Circular entitled “Report and Partial Summary, Bible Work, 1885-1886,” cited in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. of History, Northwestern University, 1961), p. 255.

   4.  John C. Pollock, Moody: A biographical Portrait of the Pacesetter in Modern Mass Evangelism (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1963), p. 261.

   5.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 187.

   6.  Pollock, Moody, p. 261.

   7.  Ibid.

   8.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 256.

   9.  Arthur Percy Fitt, Moody Still Lives: Word Pictures of D. L. Moody (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1936), p. 94.

  10.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 5-6, provides a verbatim account of Moody’s speech in Chicago, quoted in Richard K. Curtis, They Called him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), p. 320.

  11.  John Higham, Strangers in the Land: Patterns of American Nativism, 1860-1925 (New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1955), pp. 52-54.

  12.  Cf., Bessie Louise Pierce, A History of Chicago (3 vols.; New York: A. A. Knopf, 1937-1957), III, chaps. vii,viii, for a good survey of labor’s activities in Chicago during these years, and Henry David, The History of the Haymarket Affairs; A Study in the American Social-Revolutionary and Labor Movements (2nd ed.; New York: Russell and Russell, Publishers, Inc., 1958).

  13.  Record of Christian Work, V (April, 1886), 3 quoted in James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Moody,’Gapmen,’ and the Gospel: the Early Days of Moody Bible Institute,” Church History, XXXI (September, 1962), 324.

  14. T. W. Harvey to “friend,” November 16, 1888, typewritten form letter in the N. F. McCormick Papers, cited in Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 324.

  15.  Chicago Inter-Ocean, November 21, 1856, p. 12, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 278.

  16.  Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 325.

  17.  Smith, Bibliography of D. L. Moody, p. 79.

  18.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 6, quoted in Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 325.

  19.  A. W. Williams, Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody (Chicago: P. W. Ziegler Co., 1900), p. 293.

  20.  Watchman-Examiner, July 15, 1920, pp. 904-905, quoted in William G. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), p. 274.

  21.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 6, quoted in Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 325.

  22.  Smith, Bibliography of D. L. Moody, p. 78.

  23.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 6 quoted in Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 325.

  24.  Ibid.

  25.  Smith, Bibliography of D. L. Moody, p. 78.

  26.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 6, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 281.

  27.  Richard Ellsworth Day, Bush Aglow: The Life Story of Dwight L. Moody, Commoner of Northfield (Philadelphia: The Judson Press, 1936), p. 264.

  28.  Margaret Blake Robinson, A Reporter at Moody’s (Chicago: The Bible Institute Colportage Association, 1900), p. 141.

IX – Summary and Conclusions

   1.  James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. of History, Northwestern University, 1961), pp. 260-278.

   2.  William G. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), chaps. iv, v.  ENDNOTES

Preface

   1.  Cf., H. Wayne Morgan (ed.), The Gilded Age: A Reappraisal (Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 1963); Evensen, Bruce J.  God’s Man for the Gilded Age: D. L. Moody and the Rise of Modern Mass Evangelism (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003).  Findlay, J. F., Jr., Dwight L. Moody: American Evangelist, 1837-1899 (Grand Rapids: Baker Book House, 1969).

   2.  Herbert G. Gutman, “Protestantism and the American Labor Movement: the Christian Spirit in the Gilded Age,” The American Historical Review, LXXXII (October, 1966), 94-95.

   3.  H. Francis Perry, “The Workingman’s Alienation from the Church,” American Journal of Sociology, IV (March, 1899), 621, 626.

   4.  William R. Moody, Life of Dwight L. Moody (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1900).

I – Dwight L. Moody

   1.  Richard K. Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), p. 18.

   2.  Lyman Abbott, Silhouettes of My Contemporaries (New York: Doubleday, Page & Co., 1921), p. 185.

   3.  Ibid., 186.

   4.  William R. Moody, D. L. Moody (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1930), p. 67.

   5.  Fifty-Five Years: The Young Men’s Christian Association of Chicago, 1858-1913 (Chicago: The Board of Managers, 1913), p. 33.

   6.  James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph. D. dissertation, Dept. Of History, Northwestern University, 1961), p. iv.

   7.  Winthrop S. Hudson, Religion in America (New York: Scribner’s, 1965), pp. 225-230.

   8.  Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, p. 335.

   9.  Ibid.

 10.  Abbott, Silhouettes of My Contemporaries, p. 187.

  11.  Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 459.

II – The Age of 1860-1900

   1.  Harold U. Faulkner, American Economic History (8th ed., New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, 1960), pp. 473-475.

   2.  Cf., Oscar Handlin, The Uprooted: The Epic Story of the Great Migrations that Made the American People (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1951).

   3.  In a letter in the Mrs. E. M. Powell Collection, cited in James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation. Dept. of History, Northwestern University, 1961), p. 25.

   4.  Bessie Louise Pierce, A History of Chicago (3 vols.; New York: A. A. Knopf, 1937-1957) III, 439.

   5.  A. Theodore Brown and Charles N. Glabb, A History of Urban America (New York:  The Macmillan Co., 1967), pp. 110-111.

   6.  Chicago Department of Health, Report 1881 and 1882 (Chicago: No Publisher Given, n.d.), p. 19, cited in Pierce, A History of Chicago, III, 55.

   7.  Arthur Meier Schlesinger, The Rise of the City, 1878-1898, Vol. X of A History of American Life,ed. Arthur M. Schlesinger and Dixon Ryan Fox (12 vols.; New York: The Macmillan Co., 1933), pp. 114, 156-159, 360.

   8.  Allan Nevis, The Emergence of Modern America, 1865-1878, Vol. VIII of A History of American Life  Arthur M. Schlesinger and Dixon Ryan Fox (12 vols.; New York: The Macmillan Co., 1927), pp. 320-321.

   9.  Jacob Riis, How the Other Half Lives: Studies among the Tenements of New York (New York: Charles Scriber’s Sons, 1890), pp. 69-70,80.

  10.  Roy Lubove, The Progressives and the Slums: Tenement House Reform in New York City, 1890-1917 (Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1962, pp. 69, 138; Nevis, The Emergence of Modern America, pp. 325, 326.  

  11.  Edwin S. Gausted, A Religious History of America (New York: Harper & Row Publishers, 1966), p. 228.

  12.  Daniel Wise, “Our unevangelized Masses,” The Christian Advocate, L (August 19, 1875), 257.

  13.  Cf., Charles Howard Hopkins, The Rise of the Social Gospel in American Protestantism, 1865-1915, Vol. XIV in the Yale Studies in Religious Education (New Haven: The Yale University Press, 1940).

III – The Workingman of the Era

   1.  Report of the Education and Labor Committee of the Senate upon the Relations Between Labor and Capital, and Testimony taken by the Committee (5 vols.; Washington: U. S. Government Printing Office, 1885), I, 473, quoted in Henry David, The History of the Haymarket Affair; A Study in the American Social Revolutionary and Labor Movements (2nd ed.; New York: Russell and Russell, Publishers, Inc., 1958), p. 7.

   2.  Ibid.

   3.  Ibid.

   4.  Report of the Education and Labor Committee of the Senate upon the Relations Between Labor and Capital, and Testimony taken by the Committee (5 vols.; Washington: U. S. Government Printing Office, 1885), III, 288.

   5.  New York Times, April 30, 1896, p. 1.

   6.  George Gotham Groat, An Introduction to the Study of Organized Labor in America (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1916), p. 166.

   7.  Henry May, Protestant Churches and Industrial America (New York: Harper & Brothers Publishers, 1949), p. 92.

   8.  Cf., Robert V. Bruce, 1877: Year of Violence (Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill Co., Inc. 1959).

   9.  Cf., David, The History of the Haymarket Affair.

  10.  Cf., Leon Wolff, Lockout: The Story of the Homestead Strike of 1892: A Study of Violence, Unionism, and the Carnegie Steel Empire (New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, 1965).

  11.  Cf., Thomas C. Manning, The Chicago Strike of 1894: Industrial Labor in the Late Nineteenth Century, Vol. IV of Government and the American Economy: 1870 to the Present, ed. Thomas G. Manning and David M. Potter (Rev. Ed.; New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1960) for documents relating to the debate’s issues.

  12.  Aaron Ignatius Abell, The Urban Impact on American Protestantism, 1865-1900, Vol. LIV of the Harvard Historical Studies (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1943), p. 64.

  13.  Fred Greenbaum, “The Social Ideas of Samuel Gompers,” Labor History, VII (Winter, 1966), 57.

  14.  Samuel Gompers, Labor and the Common Welfare (New York: E. P. Dutton & So., 1919), p. 31.

  15.  Bessie Louise Pierce, A History of Chicago (3 vols.; New York: A. A. Knopf, 1937-1957), III, 438.

  16.   Ibid., p. 439.

  17.  Washington Gladden, “The Working People and the Churches,” Independent, XXXVII (July 30, 1885), 969.

  18.  Abell, The Urban Impact on American Protestantism, p. 61.

  19.  May, Protestant Churches and Industrial America, pp. 222-223.

  20.  Pierce, A History of Chicago, III, 440-441.

  21.  “Letter from a Workingman,” Christian Union, XXXII (October 29, 1865), 7-8, quoted in Abell, The Urban Impact on American Protestantism, p. 65.

  22.  E. J. Hobshawn, Labouring Men: Studies in the History of Labour (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1964), p. 376.

  23.  Herbert G. Gutman, “Protestantism and the American Labor Movement: the Christian Spirit in the Gilded Age,” The American Historical Review, XXII (October, 1966) 81-82.

  24.  Cf., William G. McLaughlin, Jr. Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), chaps. Ii, iii, and Timothy L. Smith, Revivalism and Social Reform: American Protestantism on the Even of the Civil War (New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, 1957) for a discussion of pre-Civil War Protestant traditions.

  25.  Gutman, “Protestantism and the American Labor Movement,” 83, 99.

  26.  Ibid., 99.

  27.  Ibid.

IV – The Social Views of Dwight L. Moody

   1.  In both United States and Great Britain Moody consistently viewed “the masses” as of a lower social status than he.  Common laborer and industrial workers, immigrants, the poor, and the so-called criminal elements in society fitted into this category.  He assumed that most of these people had no religious affiliations (a predisposition that ignored the influence of the Roman Catholic Church in America).  Moody also saw them as the most likely to be affected by radical political and social doctrines.

   2.  Richard K. Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), p. 235.

   3.  William R. Moody, D. L. Moody (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1930), p. 249.

   4.  Charles R. Eerdman, D. L. Moody: His Message for Today (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1928), p. 58.

   5.  New York Times, November 9, 1896, p. 1.

   6.  Dwight L. Moody, To All People (New York: E. B. Treat, 1877), p. 494, quoted in William G. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), p. 255.
 
   7.  Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, pp. 266-267.

   8.  James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Of History, Northwestern University, 1961), p. 263.

   9.  Dwight L. Moody, Moody’s Latest Sermons (Providence: News Co., 1894), p. 454, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 255-256.

  10.  New York Times, February 19, 1876, p. 8.

  11.  William H. Daniels, Moody: His Words, Work, and Workers (New York: Nelson & Phillips, 1877), p. 430.

  12.  Dwight L. Moody, The Great Redemption (Chicago: The Century Book and Paper Co., 1889), p. 160, quoted in McLoughlin Modern Revivalism, p. 254.

  13.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, p. 431.

  14.  Moody, To All People, pp. 489-490, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 255.

  15.  Ibid., p. 256.

  16.  Charles H. Yost (ed.), Fifty Evenings of the Great Revival Meetings Conducted by Moody and Sankey (Philadelphia: Charles H. Yost, 1876), p. 391, cited in Findlay, Revivalism, pp. 261.

  17.  Moody, The Great Redemption, pp. 355-356, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 254-255.

  18.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 255.

  19.  Yost, Fifty Evenings, p. 392, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 261.

  20.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 261

  21.  New York Times, March 12, 1890, p. 9.

  22.  John McDowell and Others, What D. L. Moody Means to Me: An Anthology of Appreciations and Appraisals of the Beloved Founder of the Northfield Schools (East Northfield: The Northfield Schools, 1937), p. 9.

  23.  New York Times, February 19, 1876, p. 8.

  24.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 252.

  25.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 171.

  26.  Daily Advertiser (Boston), February 12, 1877, p. 4, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 253.

  27.  A. W. Williams, Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody (Chicago: P. W. Ziegler Co., 1900), p. 324.

  28.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 253.

  29.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, p. 66.

  30.  Hebrews 12:6a.

  31.  Moody, To All People, p. 333, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 254.

  32.  Evening Transcript (Boston), January 30, 1877, p. 2, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 256.

  33.  Moody, The Great Redemption, p. 475, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 256.

  34.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 256.

  35.  Fund-raising from letter dated March 15, 1889, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 270.

  36.  For an extensive discussion of Moody, evangelization, and Americanization, see McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 267-270.

  37.  Richard Hofstadter, Anti-intellectualism in American Life (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1964), p. 111.

  38.  Irvin G. Wylie, The Self-Made Man in America: The Myth of Rags to Riches (New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1954), pp. 67, 68.

  39.  New York Times, October 6, 1896, p. 9.

  40.  Letter from D. L. Moody to A. F. Gaylord, October 10,1896, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 272.

  41.  Dwight L. Moody, Moody’s Latest Sermons (Chicago: Moody Press, 1900), pp. 116-117, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 264.

  42.  Kansas City Star, November 11, 1899, p. 1, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 264-265.

  43. Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 264-265.

  44.  Richard Hofstadter, The Age of Reform: From Bryan to F. D. R. (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1961), pp. 131-148.

  45.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 266.

  46.  Ibid., pp. 266-267.

  47.  Ralph Henry Gabriel, The Course of American Democratic Thought (2nd ed.; New York: The Ronald Press, Co., 1956), p. 167.

  48.  Diary of D. W. Whittle, January 12, 1884, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 267-268.

  49.  Paul Moody, My Father: An Intimate Portrait of Dwight Moody (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1938), pp. 46-47.

  50.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 268-269.

  51.  Ibid, p. 269.

  52.  Ibid., p. 269-270.

  53.  Ibid., p. 270.

  54.  Dwight L. Moody, New Sermons, Addresses, and Prayers (St. Louis: Mound City, 1877), p. 223, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 271.

  55.  Evening Transcript (Boston), January 7, 1897, p. 9, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 271.

  56.  “Moody and Sankey,” The Nation, XXII (March 9, 1876), 157.

  57.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 170.

  58.  Greenfield (Mass.) Gazette and Courier, October 11, 1876, p. 2 quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 278.

  59.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, pp. 185-186.

  60.  Bernard A. Weinberger, They Gathered at the River: The Story of the Great Revivalists and their Impact upon Religion in America (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1958), p. 189.

  61.  William H. Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Works (Hartford: American Publishing Co., 1875), p. 94.

  62.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, pp. 431-432.

  63.  Cf., Andrew Carnegie, “Wealth,” North American Review, CXLVIII (June 1889), 653-664.

  64.  Dwight L. Moody, Glad Tidings (New York: E. B. Treat, 1876), p. 328, quoted in Gamaliel Bradford, D. L. Moody: A Worker in Souls (Garden City: Doubleday, Doran & Co., 1927), p. 220.

  65.  Paul Moody, My Father, pp. 181-182.

  66.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 170.

  67.  From an unidentified clipping in the Moodyana Collection, Moody Bible Institute, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 276.

  68.  Timothy L. Smith, Revivalism and Social Reform: American Protestantism on the Eve of the Civil War (New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, 1957), p. 8.

  69.  Evening Transcript (Boston), February 17, 1877, p. 2 quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 257.

  70.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, pp. 475-476.


  71.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 257.

  72.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, p. 475.

  73.  Ibid., p. 475.

  74.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 256-259.

  75.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 13.

  76.  Cf., Sidney E. Mead, “American Protestantism Since the Civil War, II, From Americanism to Christianity,” The Journal of Religion, XXXVI (April, 1956), 67-89, for a critical discussion of charity in post-Civil War Protestantism.

  77.  Quoted in Wilbur M. Smith, An Annotated Bibliography of D. L. Moody (Chicago: Moody Press, 1948), pp. 187-189.

V – Moody in Chicago

   1.  Bernard A. Weinberger, They Gathered at the River: The Story of the Great Revivalists and Their Impact upon Religion in America (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1958), p. 192.

   2.  Manual of Plymouth Congregational Church and Society of Chicago, Illinois (Chicago: No Publisher Given, 1874), p. 17, cited in James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Of History, Northwestern University, 1961), p.. 32.

   3.  William H. Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work (Hartford: American Publishing Co., 1875), pp. 31-32.

   4.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 27.

   5.  J. Wilbur Chapman, The Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody (Philadelphia: John C. Winston Co., 1900), p. 92.

   6.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 34.

   7.  William C. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), p. 174.

   8.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 33, 41.

   9.  Richard K. Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), p. 71.

  10.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 43.

  11.  Moody’s Sunday school was second in size only to the Bethany Sunday School in Philadelphia of which John Wanamaker was the founder.

  12.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 103.

  13.  Ibid., pp. 66-67.

  14.  Ibid., pp. 37-38; William R. Moody, D. L. Moody (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1930), p. 51.
 
   15.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 44.

   16.  Weinberger, They Gathered at the River, p. 184.

   17.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 44.

   18.  William R. Moody, Life of Dwight L. Moody (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1900), pp. 66-68.

   19.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 59-60.

   20.  Ibid., pp. 73-74.

   21.  Ibid., p. 39.

   22.  Ibid., p. 48.

   23.  Chapman, The Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody, p. 94.

   24.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 50-51, 102, 118.

   25.  Ibid., pp. 44, 60, 62-63.

   26.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 55-56.

   27.  John C. Pollock, Moody: A Biographical Portrait of the Pacesetter in Modern Mass Evangelism (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1963), p. 9.

  28.  Winthrop S. Hudson, Religion in America (New York: Charles Scriber’s Sons, 1965), p. 229.

  29.  A Letter from D. L. Moody to his Brothers, April 9, 1854, quoted in William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 30.

  30.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 37, 58.

  31.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 87.

  32.  Ibid., p. 90.

  33.  Bessie Louise Pierce, A History of Chicago (3 vols.; New York: A. A. Knopf, 1937-1957), III, 378.

  34.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 101.

  35.  The Advance, March 29, April 30, 1868, April 15, 1869, June 23, 1870, May 25, 1871, cited in Pierce, A History of Chicago, II, 378.

  36.  The Advance, March 19, 1868, cited in Pierce, A History of Chicago, II, 378.

  37.  Charles F. Goss, Echoes from the Pulpit and Platform (Hartford, Conn.: A. D. Worthington and Co., 1900), pp. 243-244, cited in Curtis, They Called Him Mr. Moody, pp. 100-101.

  38.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 151.

  39.  Ibid., pp. 121-158, 200.

  40.  John McDowell, Dwight L. Moody: The Discoverer of Men and the Maker of Movements (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co.,1915), p. 13.

  41.  Charles Howard Hopkins, History of the Y.M.C.A. in North America (New York: Association Press, 1951), p. 158.

  42.  Curtis, They Called Him Mr. Moody, p. 319.

  43.  Richard C. Morse, History of the North American Young Men’s Christian Association (New York: Association Press, 1913), p. 123.

  44.  Hopkins, History of the Y.M.C.A., p. 6.

  45.  Ibid., pp. 227, 237.

  46.  Ibid., pp. 234, 240.

  47.  Ibid., p. 139.

  48.  Ibid., p. 235.

  49.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 103-104.

  50.  Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, p. 111.

  51.  Pollock, Moody, p. 54.

  52.  A. W. Williams, Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody (Chicago: P. W. Ziegler Co., 1900), p. 324.

  53.  Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, p. 111.

  54.  Richard Ellsworth Day, Bush Aglow: The Life Story of Dwight Lyman Moody, Commoner of Northfield (Philadelphia: The Judson Press, 1936), p. 113.

  55.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 57.

  56.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 108.

  57.  The Chicago Pulpit, May 1872, quoted in Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, p. 116.

  58.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 120.

  59.  Ibid., p.113.

  60.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 100.

  61.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 176.

VI – The Revival Campaigns in Great Britain

   1.  Arthur Percy Fitt, Moody Still Lives: Word Pictures of D. L. Moody (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1936), p. 53.

   2.  William R. Moody, D. L. Moody (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1930), pp. 136-140.

   3.  Henry Drummond, Dwight L. Moody: Impressions and Facts (New York: McClure, Phillips & Co., 1900), p. 114.

   4.  E. J. Goodspeed, A Full History of the Wonderful Career of Moody and Sankey, in Great Britain and America (New York: Henry S. Goodspeed & Co., 1876), p. 168.

   5.  James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Of History, Northwestern University, 1961), pp. 104, 115-116.

   6.  A Letter from Robert Paton to Mrs. Jane MacKinnon, December 11, 1883, quoted in [Jane] MacKinnon], Recollections of D. L. Moody and His Work in Britain, 1874-1892 (London: Oliphant, Anderson & Ferrier, 1905), p. 207.

   7.  Donald Carswell, Brother Scots (New York: Harcourt, Bruce, and Co., 1927), pp. 166-167.

   8.  John MacPherson, Revival and Revival Work: A Record of the Labors of D. L. Moody and Ira D. Sankey, and other Evangelists (London: Morgan and Scott, [1876?], pp. 299-300.

   9.  David Thomson, England in the Nineteenth Century: 1815-1914, Vol. VIII in the The Pelican History of England, ed. J. E. Morpurgo (8 vols.; Baltimore: Penguin Books, 1950), pp. 126-130.

  10.  Diary of the Earl of Shaftesbury, March 9, 1875, quoted in Edin Hodder, The Life and Work of the Seventh Earl of Shaftesbury, E. G. (Popular ed.; London: Cassell & Co. Ltd., 1893), p. 688.

  11.  Hodder, Earl of Shaftesbury, p. 624.

  12.  Ibid., p. 622.

  13.  Thomson, England in the Nineteenth Century, pp. 46-48.

  14.  Hodder, Earl of Shaftesbury, p. 622.

  15.  Diary of the Earl of Shaftesbury, March 9, 1875, quoted in Hodder, Earl of Shaftesbury, p. 688.

  16.  Diary of the Earl of Shaftesbury, March 31, 1875, quoted in Hodder, Earl of Shaftesbury, p. 689.

  17.  Friedrich Engels, Socialism, Utopian and Scientific (New York: International Publishers, 1935), p. 24.

  18.  The Times (London), April 3, p. 8 and July 16, 1875, p. 4, cited in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 116.

  19.  The Spectator, XLVIII (March 13, 1875), 334, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 117.

  20.  Pall Mall Gazette, XIV (March 11, 1875), 3, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 117.

  21.  The Christian, V (November 5, 1874), 707, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 117.

  22.  William H. Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work (Hartford: American Publishing Co., 1875), p. 256.

  23.  Ibid., p. 257.

  24.  Ibid., p. 285.

  25.  Ibid.

 26.  Daily Review (Edinburgh), January 2, 1874, p. 8, quoted in William G. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press, 1959), p. 203.

  27.  Narrative of Messrs. Moody’s and Sankey’s Labours in Scotland and Ireland (Compiled from the British Evangelist and The Christian; New York: Anson D. F. Randolph co., 1875), p. 31, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 203-204.

  28.  Ibid., p. 204.

  29.  Ibid.

  30.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 363-367.

  31.  Ibid., p. 367.

  32.  Ibid.

  33.  The Times (London), June 22, 1875, p. 8, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 203.

  34.  A Letter from A. G. Gowan dated London, November 3, 1875, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 206.

  35.  Newman Hall, “Revivals,” Christian Monthly and Family Treasure, August 1881, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 206.

  36.  MacPherson, Revival and Revival Work, p. 293.

  37.  Goodspeed, Moody and Sankey, p. 79.

  38.  Ibid., p. 171.

  39.  Ibid., pp. 177-178.

  40.  Ibid., p. 179.

  41.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 343.

  42.  Ibid., p. 360.

  43.  John C. Pollock, Moody: A Biographical Portrait of the Pacesetter in Modern Mass Evangelism (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1963), pp. 243-244.

  44.  Cf., Richard K. Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), pp. 227-228.

  45.  Diary of D. W. Whittle, February 4, 1884, quoted in Pollack, Moody, pp. 244-245.

  46.  Ibid., p. 245.

  47.  Carswell, Brother Scots, pp. 160-161.

  48.  John Cockburn, The Hungry Heart: A Romantic Biography of James Keir Hardie (London: Jarrolds Publishers Ltd., 1956), p. 67.

  49.  Carswell, Brother Scots, p. 164,

  50.  William Stewart, J. Keir Hardie: A Biography (London: Assell & Co. Ltd., 1921), p. 7.

  51.  Carswell, Brother Scots, p. 164.

  52.  Stewart, J. Keir Hardie, p. 132.

  53.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 270.

  54.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 351-352.

  55.  Pollock, Moody, p. 167.

  56.  L. E. Elliott-Binns, Religion in the Victorian Era (2nd ed.; London: Lutterworth Press, 1946), p. 424.

  57.  Paulus Scharpff, History of Evangelism: Three Hundred Years of Evangelism in Germany, Great Britain, and the United States of America, trans. by Helga Bender Henry (Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 1966), p. 196.

  58.  Elliott-Binns, Religion in the Victorian Era, p. 428.

  59.  Carswell, Brother Scots, pp. 192-197.

  60.  Pollock, Moody, p. 126.

  61.  George Adam Smith, The Life of Henry Drummond (New York: Doubleday & McClure Co., 1898), pp. 61-62, 65-66.

  62.  Cf., A Book of Remembrance: The Jubilee Souvenir of the Glasgow United Evangelistic Association’s Evangelistic and Ameliorative Schemes, 1874-1924 (Glasgow: Glasgow United Evangelistic Association, 1924).

  63.  A Letter from Alex S. Bain of Glasgow to the Reverend Myron R. Chartier, February 19, 1968.

  64.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, pp. 173-175.

  65.  MacPherson, Revival and Revival Work, pp. 294-295.

  66.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 176.

  67.  John McDowell, Dwight L. Moody: The Discover of Men and the Maker of Movements (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1915), p. 21.

  68.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, pp. 175-176.

  69.  Pollock, Moody, p. 244.

  70.  Drummond, Dwight L. Moody, pp. 114-116.

VII – The Revival Campaigns in America

   1.  Goodspeed, Moody and Sankey, pp. 236-237.

   2.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, pp. 433-442.

   3.  Daily Advertiser (Boston), January 30, 1877, p. 4, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 270.

   4.  “Moody and Sankey,” The Nation, XXII (March 9, 1876), 156.

   5.  New York Times, October 25, 1875, p. 1.

   6.  “Messrs. Moody and Sankey in Brooklyn,” The Christian Advocate, L (November 11, 1875), 354.

   7.  Northwestern Christian Advocate, XXIV (October 18, 1876), 1, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 198.

   8.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, pp. 287-298.

   9.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 271.

 10.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 205-206.

  11.  Bernard A. Weinberger, They Gathered at the River: The Story of the Great Revivalists and their Impact upon Religion in America (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1958), p. 189.

VIII – Moody Bible Institute

   1.  Wilbur M. Smith, An Annotated Bibliography of D. L. Moody (Chicago: Moody Press, 1948), p. 76.

   2.  William H. Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work (Hartford: American Publishing Co., 1875), p. 187.

   3.  Circular entitled “Report and Partial Summary, Bible Work, 1885-1886,” cited in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. of History, Northwestern University, 1961), p. 255.

   4.  John C. Pollock, Moody: A biographical Portrait of the Pacesetter in Modern Mass Evangelism (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1963), p. 261.

   5.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 187.

   6.  Pollock, Moody, p. 261.

   7.  Ibid.

   8.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 256.

   9.  Arthur Percy Fitt, Moody Still Lives: Word Pictures of D. L. Moody (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1936), p. 94.

  10.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 5-6, provides a verbatim account of Moody’s speech in Chicago, quoted in Richard K. Curtis, They Called him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), p. 320.

  11.  John Higham, Strangers in the Land: Patterns of American Nativism, 1860-1925 (New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1955), pp. 52-54.

  12.  Cf., Bessie Louise Pierce, A History of Chicago (3 vols.; New York: A. A. Knopf, 1937-1957), III, chaps. vii,viii, for a good survey of labor’s activities in Chicago during these years, and Henry David, The History of the Haymarket Affairs; A Study in the American Social-Revolutionary and Labor Movements (2nd ed.; New York: Russell and Russell, Publishers, Inc., 1958).

  13.  Record of Christian Work, V (April, 1886), 3 quoted in James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Moody,’Gapmen,’ and the Gospel: the Early Days of Moody Bible Institute,” Church History, XXXI (September, 1962), 324.

  14. T. W. Harvey to “friend,” November 16, 1888, typewritten form letter in the N. F. McCormick Papers, cited in Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 324.

  15.  Chicago Inter-Ocean, November 21, 1856, p. 12, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 278.

  16.  Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 325.

  17.  Smith, Bibliography of D. L. Moody, p. 79.

  18.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 6, quoted in Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 325.

  19.  A. W. Williams, Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody (Chicago: P. W. Ziegler Co., 1900), p. 293.

  20.  Watchman-Examiner, July 15, 1920, pp. 904-905, quoted in William G. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), p. 274.

  21.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 6, quoted in Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 325.

  22.  Smith, Bibliography of D. L. Moody, p. 78.

  23.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 6 quoted in Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 325.

  24.  Ibid.

  25.  Smith, Bibliography of D. L. Moody, p. 78.

  26.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 6, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 281.

  27.  Richard Ellsworth Day, Bush Aglow: The Life Story of Dwight L. Moody, Commoner of Northfield (Philadelphia: The Judson Press, 1936), p. 264.

  28.  Margaret Blake Robinson, A Reporter at Moody’s (Chicago: The Bible Institute Colportage Association, 1900), p. 141.

IX – Summary and Conclusions

   1.  James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. of History, Northwestern University, 1961), pp. 260-278.

   2.  William G. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), chaps. iv, v.  ENDNOTES

Preface

   1.  Cf., H. Wayne Morgan (ed.), The Gilded Age: A Reappraisal (Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 1963); Evensen, Bruce J.  God’s Man for the Gilded Age: D. L. Moody and the Rise of Modern Mass Evangelism (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003).  Findlay, J. F., Jr., Dwight L. Moody: American Evangelist, 1837-1899 (Grand Rapids: Baker Book House, 1969).

   2.  Herbert G. Gutman, “Protestantism and the American Labor Movement: the Christian Spirit in the Gilded Age,” The American Historical Review, LXXXII (October, 1966), 94-95.

   3.  H. Francis Perry, “The Workingman’s Alienation from the Church,” American Journal of Sociology, IV (March, 1899), 621, 626.

   4.  William R. Moody, Life of Dwight L. Moody (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1900).

I – Dwight L. Moody

   1.  Richard K. Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), p. 18.

   2.  Lyman Abbott, Silhouettes of My Contemporaries (New York: Doubleday, Page & Co., 1921), p. 185.

   3.  Ibid., 186.

   4.  William R. Moody, D. L. Moody (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1930), p. 67.

   5.  Fifty-Five Years: The Young Men’s Christian Association of Chicago, 1858-1913 (Chicago: The Board of Managers, 1913), p. 33.

   6.  James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph. D. dissertation, Dept. Of History, Northwestern University, 1961), p. iv.

   7.  Winthrop S. Hudson, Religion in America (New York: Scribner’s, 1965), pp. 225-230.

   8.  Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, p. 335.

   9.  Ibid.

 10.  Abbott, Silhouettes of My Contemporaries, p. 187.

  11.  Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 459.

II – The Age of 1860-1900

   1.  Harold U. Faulkner, American Economic History (8th ed., New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, 1960), pp. 473-475.

   2.  Cf., Oscar Handlin, The Uprooted: The Epic Story of the Great Migrations that Made the American People (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1951).

   3.  In a letter in the Mrs. E. M. Powell Collection, cited in James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation. Dept. of History, Northwestern University, 1961), p. 25.

   4.  Bessie Louise Pierce, A History of Chicago (3 vols.; New York: A. A. Knopf, 1937-1957) III, 439.

   5.  A. Theodore Brown and Charles N. Glabb, A History of Urban America (New York:  The Macmillan Co., 1967), pp. 110-111.

   6.  Chicago Department of Health, Report 1881 and 1882 (Chicago: No Publisher Given, n.d.), p. 19, cited in Pierce, A History of Chicago, III, 55.

   7.  Arthur Meier Schlesinger, The Rise of the City, 1878-1898, Vol. X of A History of American Life,ed. Arthur M. Schlesinger and Dixon Ryan Fox (12 vols.; New York: The Macmillan Co., 1933), pp. 114, 156-159, 360.

   8.  Allan Nevis, The Emergence of Modern America, 1865-1878, Vol. VIII of A History of American Life  Arthur M. Schlesinger and Dixon Ryan Fox (12 vols.; New York: The Macmillan Co., 1927), pp. 320-321.

   9.  Jacob Riis, How the Other Half Lives: Studies among the Tenements of New York (New York: Charles Scriber’s Sons, 1890), pp. 69-70,80.

  10.  Roy Lubove, The Progressives and the Slums: Tenement House Reform in New York City, 1890-1917 (Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1962, pp. 69, 138; Nevis, The Emergence of Modern America, pp. 325, 326.  

  11.  Edwin S. Gausted, A Religious History of America (New York: Harper & Row Publishers, 1966), p. 228.

  12.  Daniel Wise, “Our unevangelized Masses,” The Christian Advocate, L (August 19, 1875), 257.

  13.  Cf., Charles Howard Hopkins, The Rise of the Social Gospel in American Protestantism, 1865-1915, Vol. XIV in the Yale Studies in Religious Education (New Haven: The Yale University Press, 1940).

III – The Workingman of the Era

   1.  Report of the Education and Labor Committee of the Senate upon the Relations Between Labor and Capital, and Testimony taken by the Committee (5 vols.; Washington: U. S. Government Printing Office, 1885), I, 473, quoted in Henry David, The History of the Haymarket Affair; A Study in the American Social Revolutionary and Labor Movements (2nd ed.; New York: Russell and Russell, Publishers, Inc., 1958), p. 7.

   2.  Ibid.

   3.  Ibid.

   4.  Report of the Education and Labor Committee of the Senate upon the Relations Between Labor and Capital, and Testimony taken by the Committee (5 vols.; Washington: U. S. Government Printing Office, 1885), III, 288.

   5.  New York Times, April 30, 1896, p. 1.

   6.  George Gotham Groat, An Introduction to the Study of Organized Labor in America (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1916), p. 166.

   7.  Henry May, Protestant Churches and Industrial America (New York: Harper & Brothers Publishers, 1949), p. 92.

   8.  Cf., Robert V. Bruce, 1877: Year of Violence (Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill Co., Inc. 1959).

   9.  Cf., David, The History of the Haymarket Affair.

  10.  Cf., Leon Wolff, Lockout: The Story of the Homestead Strike of 1892: A Study of Violence, Unionism, and the Carnegie Steel Empire (New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, 1965).

  11.  Cf., Thomas C. Manning, The Chicago Strike of 1894: Industrial Labor in the Late Nineteenth Century, Vol. IV of Government and the American Economy: 1870 to the Present, ed. Thomas G. Manning and David M. Potter (Rev. Ed.; New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1960) for documents relating to the debate’s issues.

  12.  Aaron Ignatius Abell, The Urban Impact on American Protestantism, 1865-1900, Vol. LIV of the Harvard Historical Studies (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1943), p. 64.

  13.  Fred Greenbaum, “The Social Ideas of Samuel Gompers,” Labor History, VII (Winter, 1966), 57.

  14.  Samuel Gompers, Labor and the Common Welfare (New York: E. P. Dutton & So., 1919), p. 31.

  15.  Bessie Louise Pierce, A History of Chicago (3 vols.; New York: A. A. Knopf, 1937-1957), III, 438.

  16.   Ibid., p. 439.

  17.  Washington Gladden, “The Working People and the Churches,” Independent, XXXVII (July 30, 1885), 969.

  18.  Abell, The Urban Impact on American Protestantism, p. 61.

  19.  May, Protestant Churches and Industrial America, pp. 222-223.

  20.  Pierce, A History of Chicago, III, 440-441.

  21.  “Letter from a Workingman,” Christian Union, XXXII (October 29, 1865), 7-8, quoted in Abell, The Urban Impact on American Protestantism, p. 65.

  22.  E. J. Hobshawn, Labouring Men: Studies in the History of Labour (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1964), p. 376.

  23.  Herbert G. Gutman, “Protestantism and the American Labor Movement: the Christian Spirit in the Gilded Age,” The American Historical Review, XXII (October, 1966) 81-82.

  24.  Cf., William G. McLaughlin, Jr. Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), chaps. Ii, iii, and Timothy L. Smith, Revivalism and Social Reform: American Protestantism on the Even of the Civil War (New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, 1957) for a discussion of pre-Civil War Protestant traditions.

  25.  Gutman, “Protestantism and the American Labor Movement,” 83, 99.

  26.  Ibid., 99.

  27.  Ibid.

IV – The Social Views of Dwight L. Moody

   1.  In both United States and Great Britain Moody consistently viewed “the masses” as of a lower social status than he.  Common laborer and industrial workers, immigrants, the poor, and the so-called criminal elements in society fitted into this category.  He assumed that most of these people had no religious affiliations (a predisposition that ignored the influence of the Roman Catholic Church in America).  Moody also saw them as the most likely to be affected by radical political and social doctrines.

   2.  Richard K. Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), p. 235.

   3.  William R. Moody, D. L. Moody (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1930), p. 249.

   4.  Charles R. Eerdman, D. L. Moody: His Message for Today (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1928), p. 58.

   5.  New York Times, November 9, 1896, p. 1.

   6.  Dwight L. Moody, To All People (New York: E. B. Treat, 1877), p. 494, quoted in William G. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), p. 255.
 
   7.  Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, pp. 266-267.

   8.  James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Of History, Northwestern University, 1961), p. 263.

   9.  Dwight L. Moody, Moody’s Latest Sermons (Providence: News Co., 1894), p. 454, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 255-256.

  10.  New York Times, February 19, 1876, p. 8.

  11.  William H. Daniels, Moody: His Words, Work, and Workers (New York: Nelson & Phillips, 1877), p. 430.

  12.  Dwight L. Moody, The Great Redemption (Chicago: The Century Book and Paper Co., 1889), p. 160, quoted in McLoughlin Modern Revivalism, p. 254.

  13.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, p. 431.

  14.  Moody, To All People, pp. 489-490, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 255.

  15.  Ibid., p. 256.

  16.  Charles H. Yost (ed.), Fifty Evenings of the Great Revival Meetings Conducted by Moody and Sankey (Philadelphia: Charles H. Yost, 1876), p. 391, cited in Findlay, Revivalism, pp. 261.

  17.  Moody, The Great Redemption, pp. 355-356, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 254-255.

  18.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 255.

  19.  Yost, Fifty Evenings, p. 392, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 261.

  20.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 261

  21.  New York Times, March 12, 1890, p. 9.

  22.  John McDowell and Others, What D. L. Moody Means to Me: An Anthology of Appreciations and Appraisals of the Beloved Founder of the Northfield Schools (East Northfield: The Northfield Schools, 1937), p. 9.

  23.  New York Times, February 19, 1876, p. 8.

  24.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 252.

  25.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 171.

  26.  Daily Advertiser (Boston), February 12, 1877, p. 4, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 253.

  27.  A. W. Williams, Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody (Chicago: P. W. Ziegler Co., 1900), p. 324.

  28.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 253.

  29.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, p. 66.

  30.  Hebrews 12:6a.

  31.  Moody, To All People, p. 333, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 254.

  32.  Evening Transcript (Boston), January 30, 1877, p. 2, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 256.

  33.  Moody, The Great Redemption, p. 475, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 256.

  34.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 256.

  35.  Fund-raising from letter dated March 15, 1889, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 270.

  36.  For an extensive discussion of Moody, evangelization, and Americanization, see McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 267-270.

  37.  Richard Hofstadter, Anti-intellectualism in American Life (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1964), p. 111.

  38.  Irvin G. Wylie, The Self-Made Man in America: The Myth of Rags to Riches (New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1954), pp. 67, 68.

  39.  New York Times, October 6, 1896, p. 9.

  40.  Letter from D. L. Moody to A. F. Gaylord, October 10,1896, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 272.

  41.  Dwight L. Moody, Moody’s Latest Sermons (Chicago: Moody Press, 1900), pp. 116-117, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 264.

  42.  Kansas City Star, November 11, 1899, p. 1, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 264-265.

  43. Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 264-265.

  44.  Richard Hofstadter, The Age of Reform: From Bryan to F. D. R. (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1961), pp. 131-148.

  45.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 266.

  46.  Ibid., pp. 266-267.

  47.  Ralph Henry Gabriel, The Course of American Democratic Thought (2nd ed.; New York: The Ronald Press, Co., 1956), p. 167.

  48.  Diary of D. W. Whittle, January 12, 1884, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 267-268.

  49.  Paul Moody, My Father: An Intimate Portrait of Dwight Moody (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1938), pp. 46-47.

  50.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 268-269.

  51.  Ibid, p. 269.

  52.  Ibid., p. 269-270.

  53.  Ibid., p. 270.

  54.  Dwight L. Moody, New Sermons, Addresses, and Prayers (St. Louis: Mound City, 1877), p. 223, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 271.

  55.  Evening Transcript (Boston), January 7, 1897, p. 9, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 271.

  56.  “Moody and Sankey,” The Nation, XXII (March 9, 1876), 157.

  57.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 170.

  58.  Greenfield (Mass.) Gazette and Courier, October 11, 1876, p. 2 quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 278.

  59.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, pp. 185-186.

  60.  Bernard A. Weinberger, They Gathered at the River: The Story of the Great Revivalists and their Impact upon Religion in America (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1958), p. 189.

  61.  William H. Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Works (Hartford: American Publishing Co., 1875), p. 94.

  62.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, pp. 431-432.

  63.  Cf., Andrew Carnegie, “Wealth,” North American Review, CXLVIII (June 1889), 653-664.

  64.  Dwight L. Moody, Glad Tidings (New York: E. B. Treat, 1876), p. 328, quoted in Gamaliel Bradford, D. L. Moody: A Worker in Souls (Garden City: Doubleday, Doran & Co., 1927), p. 220.

  65.  Paul Moody, My Father, pp. 181-182.

  66.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 170.

  67.  From an unidentified clipping in the Moodyana Collection, Moody Bible Institute, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 276.

  68.  Timothy L. Smith, Revivalism and Social Reform: American Protestantism on the Eve of the Civil War (New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, 1957), p. 8.

  69.  Evening Transcript (Boston), February 17, 1877, p. 2 quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 257.

  70.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, pp. 475-476.



  71.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 257.

  72.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, p. 475.

  73.  Ibid., p. 475.

  74.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 256-259.

  75.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 13.

  76.  Cf., Sidney E. Mead, “American Protestantism Since the Civil War, II, From Americanism to Christianity,” The Journal of Religion, XXXVI (April, 1956), 67-89, for a critical discussion of charity in post-Civil War Protestantism.

  77.  Quoted in Wilbur M. Smith, An Annotated Bibliography of D. L. Moody (Chicago: Moody Press, 1948), pp. 187-189.

V – Moody in Chicago

   1.  Bernard A. Weinberger, They Gathered at the River: The Story of the Great Revivalists and Their Impact upon Religion in America (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1958), p. 192.

   2.  Manual of Plymouth Congregational Church and Society of Chicago, Illinois (Chicago: No Publisher Given, 1874), p. 17, cited in James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Of History, Northwestern University, 1961), p.. 32.

   3.  William H. Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work (Hartford: American Publishing Co., 1875), pp. 31-32.

   4.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 27.

   5.  J. Wilbur Chapman, The Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody (Philadelphia: John C. Winston Co., 1900), p. 92.

   6.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 34.

   7.  William C. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), p. 174.

   8.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 33, 41.

   9.  Richard K. Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), p. 71.

  10.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 43.

  11.  Moody’s Sunday school was second in size only to the Bethany Sunday School in Philadelphia of which John Wanamaker was the founder.

  12.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 103.

  13.  Ibid., pp. 66-67.

  14.  Ibid., pp. 37-38; William R. Moody, D. L. Moody (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1930), p. 51.
 
   15.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 44.

   16.  Weinberger, They Gathered at the River, p. 184.

   17.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 44.

   18.  William R. Moody, Life of Dwight L. Moody (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1900), pp. 66-68.

   19.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 59-60.

   20.  Ibid., pp. 73-74.

   21.  Ibid., p. 39.

   22.  Ibid., p. 48.

   23.  Chapman, The Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody, p. 94.

   24.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 50-51, 102, 118.

   25.  Ibid., pp. 44, 60, 62-63.

   26.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 55-56.

   27.  John C. Pollock, Moody: A Biographical Portrait of the Pacesetter in Modern Mass Evangelism (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1963), p. 9.

  28.  Winthrop S. Hudson, Religion in America (New York: Charles Scriber’s Sons, 1965), p. 229.

  29.  A Letter from D. L. Moody to his Brothers, April 9, 1854, quoted in William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 30.

  30.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 37, 58.

  31.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 87.

  32.  Ibid., p. 90.

  33.  Bessie Louise Pierce, A History of Chicago (3 vols.; New York: A. A. Knopf, 1937-1957), III, 378.

  34.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 101.

  35.  The Advance, March 29, April 30, 1868, April 15, 1869, June 23, 1870, May 25, 1871, cited in Pierce, A History of Chicago, II, 378.

  36.  The Advance, March 19, 1868, cited in Pierce, A History of Chicago, II, 378.

  37.  Charles F. Goss, Echoes from the Pulpit and Platform (Hartford, Conn.: A. D. Worthington and Co., 1900), pp. 243-244, cited in Curtis, They Called Him Mr. Moody, pp. 100-101.

  38.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 151.

  39.  Ibid., pp. 121-158, 200.

  40.  John McDowell, Dwight L. Moody: The Discoverer of Men and the Maker of Movements (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co.,1915), p. 13.

  41.  Charles Howard Hopkins, History of the Y.M.C.A. in North America (New York: Association Press, 1951), p. 158.

  42.  Curtis, They Called Him Mr. Moody, p. 319.

  43.  Richard C. Morse, History of the North American Young Men’s Christian Association (New York: Association Press, 1913), p. 123.

  44.  Hopkins, History of the Y.M.C.A., p. 6.

  45.  Ibid., pp. 227, 237.

  46.  Ibid., pp. 234, 240.

  47.  Ibid., p. 139.

  48.  Ibid., p. 235.

  49.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 103-104.

  50.  Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, p. 111.

  51.  Pollock, Moody, p. 54.

  52.  A. W. Williams, Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody (Chicago: P. W. Ziegler Co., 1900), p. 324.

  53.  Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, p. 111.

  54.  Richard Ellsworth Day, Bush Aglow: The Life Story of Dwight Lyman Moody, Commoner of Northfield (Philadelphia: The Judson Press, 1936), p. 113.

  55.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 57.

  56.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 108.

  57.  The Chicago Pulpit, May 1872, quoted in Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, p. 116.

  58.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 120.

  59.  Ibid., p.113.

  60.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 100.

  61.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 176.

VI – The Revival Campaigns in Great Britain

   1.  Arthur Percy Fitt, Moody Still Lives: Word Pictures of D. L. Moody (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1936), p. 53.

   2.  William R. Moody, D. L. Moody (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1930), pp. 136-140.

   3.  Henry Drummond, Dwight L. Moody: Impressions and Facts (New York: McClure, Phillips & Co., 1900), p. 114.

   4.  E. J. Goodspeed, A Full History of the Wonderful Career of Moody and Sankey, in Great Britain and America (New York: Henry S. Goodspeed & Co., 1876), p. 168.

   5.  James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Of History, Northwestern University, 1961), pp. 104, 115-116.

   6.  A Letter from Robert Paton to Mrs. Jane MacKinnon, December 11, 1883, quoted in [Jane] MacKinnon], Recollections of D. L. Moody and His Work in Britain, 1874-1892 (London: Oliphant, Anderson & Ferrier, 1905), p. 207.

   7.  Donald Carswell, Brother Scots (New York: Harcourt, Bruce, and Co., 1927), pp. 166-167.

   8.  John MacPherson, Revival and Revival Work: A Record of the Labors of D. L. Moody and Ira D. Sankey, and other Evangelists (London: Morgan and Scott, [1876?], pp. 299-300.

   9.  David Thomson, England in the Nineteenth Century: 1815-1914, Vol. VIII in the The Pelican History of England, ed. J. E. Morpurgo (8 vols.; Baltimore: Penguin Books, 1950), pp. 126-130.

  10.  Diary of the Earl of Shaftesbury, March 9, 1875, quoted in Edin Hodder, The Life and Work of the Seventh Earl of Shaftesbury, E. G. (Popular ed.; London: Cassell & Co. Ltd., 1893), p. 688.

  11.  Hodder, Earl of Shaftesbury, p. 624.

  12.  Ibid., p. 622.

  13.  Thomson, England in the Nineteenth Century, pp. 46-48.

  14.  Hodder, Earl of Shaftesbury, p. 622.

  15.  Diary of the Earl of Shaftesbury, March 9, 1875, quoted in Hodder, Earl of Shaftesbury, p. 688.

  16.  Diary of the Earl of Shaftesbury, March 31, 1875, quoted in Hodder, Earl of Shaftesbury, p. 689.

  17.  Friedrich Engels, Socialism, Utopian and Scientific (New York: International Publishers, 1935), p. 24.

  18.  The Times (London), April 3, p. 8 and July 16, 1875, p. 4, cited in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 116.

  19.  The Spectator, XLVIII (March 13, 1875), 334, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 117.

  20.  Pall Mall Gazette, XIV (March 11, 1875), 3, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 117.

  21.  The Christian, V (November 5, 1874), 707, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 117.

  22.  William H. Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work (Hartford: American Publishing Co., 1875), p. 256.

  23.  Ibid., p. 257.

  24.  Ibid., p. 285.

  25.  Ibid.

 26.  Daily Review (Edinburgh), January 2, 1874, p. 8, quoted in William G. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press, 1959), p. 203.

  27.  Narrative of Messrs. Moody’s and Sankey’s Labours in Scotland and Ireland (Compiled from the British Evangelist and The Christian; New York: Anson D. F. Randolph co., 1875), p. 31, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 203-204.

  28.  Ibid., p. 204.

  29.  Ibid.

  30.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 363-367.

  31.  Ibid., p. 367.

  32.  Ibid.

  33.  The Times (London), June 22, 1875, p. 8, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 203.

  34.  A Letter from A. G. Gowan dated London, November 3, 1875, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 206.

  35.  Newman Hall, “Revivals,” Christian Monthly and Family Treasure, August 1881, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 206.

  36.  MacPherson, Revival and Revival Work, p. 293.

  37.  Goodspeed, Moody and Sankey, p. 79.

  38.  Ibid., p. 171.

  39.  Ibid., pp. 177-178.

  40.  Ibid., p. 179.

  41.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 343.

  42.  Ibid., p. 360.

  43.  John C. Pollock, Moody: A Biographical Portrait of the Pacesetter in Modern Mass Evangelism (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1963), pp. 243-244.

  44.  Cf., Richard K. Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), pp. 227-228.

  45.  Diary of D. W. Whittle, February 4, 1884, quoted in Pollack, Moody, pp. 244-245.

  46.  Ibid., p. 245.

  47.  Carswell, Brother Scots, pp. 160-161.

  48.  John Cockburn, The Hungry Heart: A Romantic Biography of James Keir Hardie (London: Jarrolds Publishers Ltd., 1956), p. 67.

  49.  Carswell, Brother Scots, p. 164,

  50.  William Stewart, J. Keir Hardie: A Biography (London: Assell & Co. Ltd., 1921), p. 7.

  51.  Carswell, Brother Scots, p. 164.

  52.  Stewart, J. Keir Hardie, p. 132.

  53.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 270.

  54.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 351-352.

  55.  Pollock, Moody, p. 167.

  56.  L. E. Elliott-Binns, Religion in the Victorian Era (2nd ed.; London: Lutterworth Press, 1946), p. 424.

  57.  Paulus Scharpff, History of Evangelism: Three Hundred Years of Evangelism in Germany, Great Britain, and the United States of America, trans. by Helga Bender Henry (Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 1966), p. 196.

  58.  Elliott-Binns, Religion in the Victorian Era, p. 428.

  59.  Carswell, Brother Scots, pp. 192-197.

  60.  Pollock, Moody, p. 126.

  61.  George Adam Smith, The Life of Henry Drummond (New York: Doubleday & McClure Co., 1898), pp. 61-62, 65-66.

  62.  Cf., A Book of Remembrance: The Jubilee Souvenir of the Glasgow United Evangelistic Association’s Evangelistic and Ameliorative Schemes, 1874-1924 (Glasgow: Glasgow United Evangelistic Association, 1924).

  63.  A Letter from Alex S. Bain of Glasgow to the Reverend Myron R. Chartier, February 19, 1968.

  64.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, pp. 173-175.

  65.  MacPherson, Revival and Revival Work, pp. 294-295.

  66.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 176.

  67.  John McDowell, Dwight L. Moody: The Discover of Men and the Maker of Movements (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1915), p. 21.

  68.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, pp. 175-176.

  69.  Pollock, Moody, p. 244.

  70.  Drummond, Dwight L. Moody, pp. 114-116.

VII – The Revival Campaigns in America

   1.  Goodspeed, Moody and Sankey, pp. 236-237.

   2.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, pp. 433-442.

   3.  Daily Advertiser (Boston), January 30, 1877, p. 4, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 270.

   4.  “Moody and Sankey,” The Nation, XXII (March 9, 1876), 156.

   5.  New York Times, October 25, 1875, p. 1.

   6.  “Messrs. Moody and Sankey in Brooklyn,” The Christian Advocate, L (November 11, 1875), 354.

   7.  Northwestern Christian Advocate, XXIV (October 18, 1876), 1, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 198.

   8.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, pp. 287-298.

   9.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 271.

 10.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 205-206.

  11.  Bernard A. Weinberger, They Gathered at the River: The Story of the Great Revivalists and their Impact upon Religion in America (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1958), p. 189.

VIII – Moody Bible Institute

   1.  Wilbur M. Smith, An Annotated Bibliography of D. L. Moody (Chicago: Moody Press, 1948), p. 76.

   2.  William H. Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work (Hartford: American Publishing Co., 1875), p. 187.

   3.  Circular entitled “Report and Partial Summary, Bible Work, 1885-1886,” cited in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. of History, Northwestern University, 1961), p. 255.

   4.  John C. Pollock, Moody: A biographical Portrait of the Pacesetter in Modern Mass Evangelism (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1963), p. 261.

   5.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 187.

   6.  Pollock, Moody, p. 261.

   7.  Ibid.

   8.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 256.

   9.  Arthur Percy Fitt, Moody Still Lives: Word Pictures of D. L. Moody (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1936), p. 94.

  10.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 5-6, provides a verbatim account of Moody’s speech in Chicago, quoted in Richard K. Curtis, They Called him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), p. 320.

  11.  John Higham, Strangers in the Land: Patterns of American Nativism, 1860-1925 (New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1955), pp. 52-54.

  12.  Cf., Bessie Louise Pierce, A History of Chicago (3 vols.; New York: A. A. Knopf, 1937-1957), III, chaps. vii,viii, for a good survey of labor’s activities in Chicago during these years, and Henry David, The History of the Haymarket Affairs; A Study in the American Social-Revolutionary and Labor Movements (2nd ed.; New York: Russell and Russell, Publishers, Inc., 1958).

  13.  Record of Christian Work, V (April, 1886), 3 quoted in James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Moody,’Gapmen,’ and the Gospel: the Early Days of Moody Bible Institute,” Church History, XXXI (September, 1962), 324.

  14. T. W. Harvey to “friend,” November 16, 1888, typewritten form letter in the N. F. McCormick Papers, cited in Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 324.

  15.  Chicago Inter-Ocean, November 21, 1856, p. 12, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 278.

  16.  Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 325.

  17.  Smith, Bibliography of D. L. Moody, p. 79.

  18.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 6, quoted in Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 325.

  19.  A. W. Williams, Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody (Chicago: P. W. Ziegler Co., 1900), p. 293.

  20.  Watchman-Examiner, July 15, 1920, pp. 904-905, quoted in William G. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), p. 274.

  21.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 6, quoted in Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 325.

  22.  Smith, Bibliography of D. L. Moody, p. 78.

  23.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 6 quoted in Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 325.

  24.  Ibid.

  25.  Smith, Bibliography of D. L. Moody, p. 78.

  26.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 6, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 281.

  27.  Richard Ellsworth Day, Bush Aglow: The Life Story of Dwight L. Moody, Commoner of Northfield (Philadelphia: The Judson Press, 1936), p. 264.

  28.  Margaret Blake Robinson, A Reporter at Moody’s (Chicago: The Bible Institute Colportage Association, 1900), p. 141.

IX – Summary and Conclusions

   1.  James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. of History, Northwestern University, 1961), pp. 260-278.

   2.  William G. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), chaps. iv, v.  ENDNOTES

Preface

   1.  Cf., H. Wayne Morgan (ed.), The Gilded Age: A Reappraisal (Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 1963); Evensen, Bruce J.  God’s Man for the Gilded Age: D. L. Moody and the Rise of Modern Mass Evangelism (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003).  Findlay, J. F., Jr., Dwight L. Moody: American Evangelist, 1837-1899 (Grand Rapids: Baker Book House, 1969).

   2.  Herbert G. Gutman, “Protestantism and the American Labor Movement: the Christian Spirit in the Gilded Age,” The American Historical Review, LXXXII (October, 1966), 94-95.

   3.  H. Francis Perry, “The Workingman’s Alienation from the Church,” American Journal of Sociology, IV (March, 1899), 621, 626.

   4.  William R. Moody, Life of Dwight L. Moody (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1900).

I – Dwight L. Moody

   1.  Richard K. Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), p. 18.

   2.  Lyman Abbott, Silhouettes of My Contemporaries (New York: Doubleday, Page & Co., 1921), p. 185.

   3.  Ibid., 186.

   4.  William R. Moody, D. L. Moody (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1930), p. 67.

   5.  Fifty-Five Years: The Young Men’s Christian Association of Chicago, 1858-1913 (Chicago: The Board of Managers, 1913), p. 33.

   6.  James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph. D. dissertation, Dept. Of History, Northwestern University, 1961), p. iv.

   7.  Winthrop S. Hudson, Religion in America (New York: Scribner’s, 1965), pp. 225-230.

   8.  Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, p. 335.

   9.  Ibid.

 10.  Abbott, Silhouettes of My Contemporaries, p. 187.

  11.  Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 459.

II – The Age of 1860-1900

   1.  Harold U. Faulkner, American Economic History (8th ed., New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, 1960), pp. 473-475.

   2.  Cf., Oscar Handlin, The Uprooted: The Epic Story of the Great Migrations that Made the American People (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1951).

   3.  In a letter in the Mrs. E. M. Powell Collection, cited in James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation. Dept. of History, Northwestern University, 1961), p. 25.

   4.  Bessie Louise Pierce, A History of Chicago (3 vols.; New York: A. A. Knopf, 1937-1957) III, 439.

   5.  A. Theodore Brown and Charles N. Glabb, A History of Urban America (New York:  The Macmillan Co., 1967), pp. 110-111.

   6.  Chicago Department of Health, Report 1881 and 1882 (Chicago: No Publisher Given, n.d.), p. 19, cited in Pierce, A History of Chicago, III, 55.

   7.  Arthur Meier Schlesinger, The Rise of the City, 1878-1898, Vol. X of A History of American Life,ed. Arthur M. Schlesinger and Dixon Ryan Fox (12 vols.; New York: The Macmillan Co., 1933), pp. 114, 156-159, 360.

   8.  Allan Nevis, The Emergence of Modern America, 1865-1878, Vol. VIII of A History of American Life  Arthur M. Schlesinger and Dixon Ryan Fox (12 vols.; New York: The Macmillan Co., 1927), pp. 320-321.

   9.  Jacob Riis, How the Other Half Lives: Studies among the Tenements of New York (New York: Charles Scriber’s Sons, 1890), pp. 69-70,80.

  10.  Roy Lubove, The Progressives and the Slums: Tenement House Reform in New York City, 1890-1917 (Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1962, pp. 69, 138; Nevis, The Emergence of Modern America, pp. 325, 326.  

  11.  Edwin S. Gausted, A Religious History of America (New York: Harper & Row Publishers, 1966), p. 228.

  12.  Daniel Wise, “Our unevangelized Masses,” The Christian Advocate, L (August 19, 1875), 257.

  13.  Cf., Charles Howard Hopkins, The Rise of the Social Gospel in American Protestantism, 1865-1915, Vol. XIV in the Yale Studies in Religious Education (New Haven: The Yale University Press, 1940).

III – The Workingman of the Era

   1.  Report of the Education and Labor Committee of the Senate upon the Relations Between Labor and Capital, and Testimony taken by the Committee (5 vols.; Washington: U. S. Government Printing Office, 1885), I, 473, quoted in Henry David, The History of the Haymarket Affair; A Study in the American Social Revolutionary and Labor Movements (2nd ed.; New York: Russell and Russell, Publishers, Inc., 1958), p. 7.

   2.  Ibid.

   3.  Ibid.

   4.  Report of the Education and Labor Committee of the Senate upon the Relations Between Labor and Capital, and Testimony taken by the Committee (5 vols.; Washington: U. S. Government Printing Office, 1885), III, 288.

   5.  New York Times, April 30, 1896, p. 1.

   6.  George Gotham Groat, An Introduction to the Study of Organized Labor in America (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1916), p. 166.

   7.  Henry May, Protestant Churches and Industrial America (New York: Harper & Brothers Publishers, 1949), p. 92.

   8.  Cf., Robert V. Bruce, 1877: Year of Violence (Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill Co., Inc. 1959).

   9.  Cf., David, The History of the Haymarket Affair.

  10.  Cf., Leon Wolff, Lockout: The Story of the Homestead Strike of 1892: A Study of Violence, Unionism, and the Carnegie Steel Empire (New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, 1965).

  11.  Cf., Thomas C. Manning, The Chicago Strike of 1894: Industrial Labor in the Late Nineteenth Century, Vol. IV of Government and the American Economy: 1870 to the Present, ed. Thomas G. Manning and David M. Potter (Rev. Ed.; New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1960) for documents relating to the debate’s issues.

  12.  Aaron Ignatius Abell, The Urban Impact on American Protestantism, 1865-1900, Vol. LIV of the Harvard Historical Studies (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1943), p. 64.

  13.  Fred Greenbaum, “The Social Ideas of Samuel Gompers,” Labor History, VII (Winter, 1966), 57.

  14.  Samuel Gompers, Labor and the Common Welfare (New York: E. P. Dutton & So., 1919), p. 31.

  15.  Bessie Louise Pierce, A History of Chicago (3 vols.; New York: A. A. Knopf, 1937-1957), III, 438.

  16.   Ibid., p. 439.

  17.  Washington Gladden, “The Working People and the Churches,” Independent, XXXVII (July 30, 1885), 969.

  18.  Abell, The Urban Impact on American Protestantism, p. 61.

  19.  May, Protestant Churches and Industrial America, pp. 222-223.

  20.  Pierce, A History of Chicago, III, 440-441.

  21.  “Letter from a Workingman,” Christian Union, XXXII (October 29, 1865), 7-8, quoted in Abell, The Urban Impact on American Protestantism, p. 65.

  22.  E. J. Hobshawn, Labouring Men: Studies in the History of Labour (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1964), p. 376.

  23.  Herbert G. Gutman, “Protestantism and the American Labor Movement: the Christian Spirit in the Gilded Age,” The American Historical Review, XXII (October, 1966) 81-82.

  24.  Cf., William G. McLaughlin, Jr. Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), chaps. Ii, iii, and Timothy L. Smith, Revivalism and Social Reform: American Protestantism on the Even of the Civil War (New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, 1957) for a discussion of pre-Civil War Protestant traditions.

  25.  Gutman, “Protestantism and the American Labor Movement,” 83, 99.

  26.  Ibid., 99.

  27.  Ibid.

IV – The Social Views of Dwight L. Moody

   1.  In both United States and Great Britain Moody consistently viewed “the masses” as of a lower social status than he.  Common laborer and industrial workers, immigrants, the poor, and the so-called criminal elements in society fitted into this category.  He assumed that most of these people had no religious affiliations (a predisposition that ignored the influence of the Roman Catholic Church in America).  Moody also saw them as the most likely to be affected by radical political and social doctrines.

   2.  Richard K. Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), p. 235.

   3.  William R. Moody, D. L. Moody (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1930), p. 249.

   4.  Charles R. Eerdman, D. L. Moody: His Message for Today (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1928), p. 58.

   5.  New York Times, November 9, 1896, p. 1.

   6.  Dwight L. Moody, To All People (New York: E. B. Treat, 1877), p. 494, quoted in William G. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), p. 255.
 
   7.  Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, pp. 266-267.

   8.  James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Of History, Northwestern University, 1961), p. 263.

   9.  Dwight L. Moody, Moody’s Latest Sermons (Providence: News Co., 1894), p. 454, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 255-256.

  10.  New York Times, February 19, 1876, p. 8.

  11.  William H. Daniels, Moody: His Words, Work, and Workers (New York: Nelson & Phillips, 1877), p. 430.

  12.  Dwight L. Moody, The Great Redemption (Chicago: The Century Book and Paper Co., 1889), p. 160, quoted in McLoughlin Modern Revivalism, p. 254.

  13.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, p. 431.

  14.  Moody, To All People, pp. 489-490, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 255.

  15.  Ibid., p. 256.

  16.  Charles H. Yost (ed.), Fifty Evenings of the Great Revival Meetings Conducted by Moody and Sankey (Philadelphia: Charles H. Yost, 1876), p. 391, cited in Findlay, Revivalism, pp. 261.

  17.  Moody, The Great Redemption, pp. 355-356, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 254-255.

  18.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 255.

  19.  Yost, Fifty Evenings, p. 392, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 261.

  20.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 261

  21.  New York Times, March 12, 1890, p. 9.

  22.  John McDowell and Others, What D. L. Moody Means to Me: An Anthology of Appreciations and Appraisals of the Beloved Founder of the Northfield Schools (East Northfield: The Northfield Schools, 1937), p. 9.

  23.  New York Times, February 19, 1876, p. 8.

  24.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 252.

  25.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 171.

  26.  Daily Advertiser (Boston), February 12, 1877, p. 4, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 253.

  27.  A. W. Williams, Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody (Chicago: P. W. Ziegler Co., 1900), p. 324.

  28.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 253.

  29.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, p. 66.

  30.  Hebrews 12:6a.

  31.  Moody, To All People, p. 333, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 254.

  32.  Evening Transcript (Boston), January 30, 1877, p. 2, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 256.

  33.  Moody, The Great Redemption, p. 475, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 256.

  34.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 256.

  35.  Fund-raising from letter dated March 15, 1889, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 270.

  36.  For an extensive discussion of Moody, evangelization, and Americanization, see McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 267-270.

  37.  Richard Hofstadter, Anti-intellectualism in American Life (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1964), p. 111.

  38.  Irvin G. Wylie, The Self-Made Man in America: The Myth of Rags to Riches (New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1954), pp. 67, 68.

  39.  New York Times, October 6, 1896, p. 9.

  40.  Letter from D. L. Moody to A. F. Gaylord, October 10,1896, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 272.

  41.  Dwight L. Moody, Moody’s Latest Sermons (Chicago: Moody Press, 1900), pp. 116-117, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 264.

  42.  Kansas City Star, November 11, 1899, p. 1, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 264-265.

  43. Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 264-265.

  44.  Richard Hofstadter, The Age of Reform: From Bryan to F. D. R. (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1961), pp. 131-148.

  45.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 266.

  46.  Ibid., pp. 266-267.

  47.  Ralph Henry Gabriel, The Course of American Democratic Thought (2nd ed.; New York: The Ronald Press, Co., 1956), p. 167.

  48.  Diary of D. W. Whittle, January 12, 1884, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 267-268.

  49.  Paul Moody, My Father: An Intimate Portrait of Dwight Moody (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1938), pp. 46-47.

  50.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 268-269.

  51.  Ibid, p. 269.

  52.  Ibid., p. 269-270.

  53.  Ibid., p. 270.

  54.  Dwight L. Moody, New Sermons, Addresses, and Prayers (St. Louis: Mound City, 1877), p. 223, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 271.

  55.  Evening Transcript (Boston), January 7, 1897, p. 9, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 271.

  56.  “Moody and Sankey,” The Nation, XXII (March 9, 1876), 157.

  57.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 170.

  58.  Greenfield (Mass.) Gazette and Courier, October 11, 1876, p. 2 quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 278.

  59.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, pp. 185-186.

  60.  Bernard A. Weinberger, They Gathered at the River: The Story of the Great Revivalists and their Impact upon Religion in America (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1958), p. 189.

  61.  William H. Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Works (Hartford: American Publishing Co., 1875), p. 94.

  62.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, pp. 431-432.

  63.  Cf., Andrew Carnegie, “Wealth,” North American Review, CXLVIII (June 1889), 653-664.

  64.  Dwight L. Moody, Glad Tidings (New York: E. B. Treat, 1876), p. 328, quoted in Gamaliel Bradford, D. L. Moody: A Worker in Souls (Garden City: Doubleday, Doran & Co., 1927), p. 220.

  65.  Paul Moody, My Father, pp. 181-182.

  66.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 170.

  67.  From an unidentified clipping in the Moodyana Collection, Moody Bible Institute, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 276.

  68.  Timothy L. Smith, Revivalism and Social Reform: American Protestantism on the Eve of the Civil War (New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, 1957), p. 8.

  69.  Evening Transcript (Boston), February 17, 1877, p. 2 quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 257.

  70.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, pp. 475-476.



  71.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 257.

  72.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, p. 475.

  73.  Ibid., p. 475.

  74.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 256-259.

  75.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 13.

  76.  Cf., Sidney E. Mead, “American Protestantism Since the Civil War, II, From Americanism to Christianity,” The Journal of Religion, XXXVI (April, 1956), 67-89, for a critical discussion of charity in post-Civil War Protestantism.

  77.  Quoted in Wilbur M. Smith, An Annotated Bibliography of D. L. Moody (Chicago: Moody Press, 1948), pp. 187-189.

V – Moody in Chicago

   1.  Bernard A. Weinberger, They Gathered at the River: The Story of the Great Revivalists and Their Impact upon Religion in America (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1958), p. 192.

   2.  Manual of Plymouth Congregational Church and Society of Chicago, Illinois (Chicago: No Publisher Given, 1874), p. 17, cited in James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Of History, Northwestern University, 1961), p.. 32.

   3.  William H. Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work (Hartford: American Publishing Co., 1875), pp. 31-32.

   4.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 27.

   5.  J. Wilbur Chapman, The Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody (Philadelphia: John C. Winston Co., 1900), p. 92.

   6.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 34.

   7.  William C. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), p. 174.

   8.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 33, 41.

   9.  Richard K. Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), p. 71.

  10.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 43.

  11.  Moody’s Sunday school was second in size only to the Bethany Sunday School in Philadelphia of which John Wanamaker was the founder.

  12.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 103.

  13.  Ibid., pp. 66-67.

  14.  Ibid., pp. 37-38; William R. Moody, D. L. Moody (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1930), p. 51.
 
   15.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 44.

   16.  Weinberger, They Gathered at the River, p. 184.

   17.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 44.

   18.  William R. Moody, Life of Dwight L. Moody (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1900), pp. 66-68.

   19.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 59-60.

   20.  Ibid., pp. 73-74.

   21.  Ibid., p. 39.

   22.  Ibid., p. 48.

   23.  Chapman, The Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody, p. 94.

   24.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 50-51, 102, 118.

   25.  Ibid., pp. 44, 60, 62-63.

   26.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 55-56.

   27.  John C. Pollock, Moody: A Biographical Portrait of the Pacesetter in Modern Mass Evangelism (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1963), p. 9.

  28.  Winthrop S. Hudson, Religion in America (New York: Charles Scriber’s Sons, 1965), p. 229.

  29.  A Letter from D. L. Moody to his Brothers, April 9, 1854, quoted in William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 30.

  30.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 37, 58.

  31.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 87.

  32.  Ibid., p. 90.

  33.  Bessie Louise Pierce, A History of Chicago (3 vols.; New York: A. A. Knopf, 1937-1957), III, 378.

  34.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 101.

  35.  The Advance, March 29, April 30, 1868, April 15, 1869, June 23, 1870, May 25, 1871, cited in Pierce, A History of Chicago, II, 378.

  36.  The Advance, March 19, 1868, cited in Pierce, A History of Chicago, II, 378.

  37.  Charles F. Goss, Echoes from the Pulpit and Platform (Hartford, Conn.: A. D. Worthington and Co., 1900), pp. 243-244, cited in Curtis, They Called Him Mr. Moody, pp. 100-101.

  38.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 151.

  39.  Ibid., pp. 121-158, 200.

  40.  John McDowell, Dwight L. Moody: The Discoverer of Men and the Maker of Movements (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co.,1915), p. 13.

  41.  Charles Howard Hopkins, History of the Y.M.C.A. in North America (New York: Association Press, 1951), p. 158.

  42.  Curtis, They Called Him Mr. Moody, p. 319.

  43.  Richard C. Morse, History of the North American Young Men’s Christian Association (New York: Association Press, 1913), p. 123.

  44.  Hopkins, History of the Y.M.C.A., p. 6.

  45.  Ibid., pp. 227, 237.

  46.  Ibid., pp. 234, 240.

  47.  Ibid., p. 139.

  48.  Ibid., p. 235.

  49.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 103-104.

  50.  Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, p. 111.

  51.  Pollock, Moody, p. 54.

  52.  A. W. Williams, Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody (Chicago: P. W. Ziegler Co., 1900), p. 324.

  53.  Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, p. 111.

  54.  Richard Ellsworth Day, Bush Aglow: The Life Story of Dwight Lyman Moody, Commoner of Northfield (Philadelphia: The Judson Press, 1936), p. 113.

  55.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 57.

  56.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 108.

  57.  The Chicago Pulpit, May 1872, quoted in Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, p. 116.

  58.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 120.

  59.  Ibid., p.113.

  60.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 100.

  61.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 176.

VI – The Revival Campaigns in Great Britain

   1.  Arthur Percy Fitt, Moody Still Lives: Word Pictures of D. L. Moody (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1936), p. 53.

   2.  William R. Moody, D. L. Moody (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1930), pp. 136-140.

   3.  Henry Drummond, Dwight L. Moody: Impressions and Facts (New York: McClure, Phillips & Co., 1900), p. 114.

   4.  E. J. Goodspeed, A Full History of the Wonderful Career of Moody and Sankey, in Great Britain and America (New York: Henry S. Goodspeed & Co., 1876), p. 168.

   5.  James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Of History, Northwestern University, 1961), pp. 104, 115-116.

   6.  A Letter from Robert Paton to Mrs. Jane MacKinnon, December 11, 1883, quoted in [Jane] MacKinnon], Recollections of D. L. Moody and His Work in Britain, 1874-1892 (London: Oliphant, Anderson & Ferrier, 1905), p. 207.

   7.  Donald Carswell, Brother Scots (New York: Harcourt, Bruce, and Co., 1927), pp. 166-167.

   8.  John MacPherson, Revival and Revival Work: A Record of the Labors of D. L. Moody and Ira D. Sankey, and other Evangelists (London: Morgan and Scott, [1876?], pp. 299-300.

   9.  David Thomson, England in the Nineteenth Century: 1815-1914, Vol. VIII in the The Pelican History of England, ed. J. E. Morpurgo (8 vols.; Baltimore: Penguin Books, 1950), pp. 126-130.

  10.  Diary of the Earl of Shaftesbury, March 9, 1875, quoted in Edin Hodder, The Life and Work of the Seventh Earl of Shaftesbury, E. G. (Popular ed.; London: Cassell & Co. Ltd., 1893), p. 688.

  11.  Hodder, Earl of Shaftesbury, p. 624.

  12.  Ibid., p. 622.

  13.  Thomson, England in the Nineteenth Century, pp. 46-48.

  14.  Hodder, Earl of Shaftesbury, p. 622.

  15.  Diary of the Earl of Shaftesbury, March 9, 1875, quoted in Hodder, Earl of Shaftesbury, p. 688.

  16.  Diary of the Earl of Shaftesbury, March 31, 1875, quoted in Hodder, Earl of Shaftesbury, p. 689.

  17.  Friedrich Engels, Socialism, Utopian and Scientific (New York: International Publishers, 1935), p. 24.

  18.  The Times (London), April 3, p. 8 and July 16, 1875, p. 4, cited in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 116.

  19.  The Spectator, XLVIII (March 13, 1875), 334, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 117.

  20.  Pall Mall Gazette, XIV (March 11, 1875), 3, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 117.

  21.  The Christian, V (November 5, 1874), 707, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 117.

  22.  William H. Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work (Hartford: American Publishing Co., 1875), p. 256.

  23.  Ibid., p. 257.

  24.  Ibid., p. 285.

  25.  Ibid.

 26.  Daily Review (Edinburgh), January 2, 1874, p. 8, quoted in William G. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press, 1959), p. 203.

  27.  Narrative of Messrs. Moody’s and Sankey’s Labours in Scotland and Ireland (Compiled from the British Evangelist and The Christian; New York: Anson D. F. Randolph co., 1875), p. 31, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 203-204.

  28.  Ibid., p. 204.

  29.  Ibid.

  30.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 363-367.

  31.  Ibid., p. 367.

  32.  Ibid.

  33.  The Times (London), June 22, 1875, p. 8, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 203.

  34.  A Letter from A. G. Gowan dated London, November 3, 1875, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 206.

  35.  Newman Hall, “Revivals,” Christian Monthly and Family Treasure, August 1881, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 206.

  36.  MacPherson, Revival and Revival Work, p. 293.

  37.  Goodspeed, Moody and Sankey, p. 79.

  38.  Ibid., p. 171.

  39.  Ibid., pp. 177-178.

  40.  Ibid., p. 179.

  41.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 343.

  42.  Ibid., p. 360.

  43.  John C. Pollock, Moody: A Biographical Portrait of the Pacesetter in Modern Mass Evangelism (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1963), pp. 243-244.

  44.  Cf., Richard K. Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), pp. 227-228.

  45.  Diary of D. W. Whittle, February 4, 1884, quoted in Pollack, Moody, pp. 244-245.

  46.  Ibid., p. 245.

  47.  Carswell, Brother Scots, pp. 160-161.

  48.  John Cockburn, The Hungry Heart: A Romantic Biography of James Keir Hardie (London: Jarrolds Publishers Ltd., 1956), p. 67.

  49.  Carswell, Brother Scots, p. 164,

  50.  William Stewart, J. Keir Hardie: A Biography (London: Assell & Co. Ltd., 1921), p. 7.

  51.  Carswell, Brother Scots, p. 164.

  52.  Stewart, J. Keir Hardie, p. 132.

  53.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 270.

  54.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 351-352.

  55.  Pollock, Moody, p. 167.

  56.  L. E. Elliott-Binns, Religion in the Victorian Era (2nd ed.; London: Lutterworth Press, 1946), p. 424.

  57.  Paulus Scharpff, History of Evangelism: Three Hundred Years of Evangelism in Germany, Great Britain, and the United States of America, trans. by Helga Bender Henry (Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 1966), p. 196.

  58.  Elliott-Binns, Religion in the Victorian Era, p. 428.

  59.  Carswell, Brother Scots, pp. 192-197.

  60.  Pollock, Moody, p. 126.

  61.  George Adam Smith, The Life of Henry Drummond (New York: Doubleday & McClure Co., 1898), pp. 61-62, 65-66.

  62.  Cf., A Book of Remembrance: The Jubilee Souvenir of the Glasgow United Evangelistic Association’s Evangelistic and Ameliorative Schemes, 1874-1924 (Glasgow: Glasgow United Evangelistic Association, 1924).

  63.  A Letter from Alex S. Bain of Glasgow to the Reverend Myron R. Chartier, February 19, 1968.

  64.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, pp. 173-175.

  65.  MacPherson, Revival and Revival Work, pp. 294-295.

  66.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 176.

  67.  John McDowell, Dwight L. Moody: The Discover of Men and the Maker of Movements (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1915), p. 21.

  68.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, pp. 175-176.

  69.  Pollock, Moody, p. 244.

  70.  Drummond, Dwight L. Moody, pp. 114-116.

VII – The Revival Campaigns in America

   1.  Goodspeed, Moody and Sankey, pp. 236-237.

   2.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, pp. 433-442.

   3.  Daily Advertiser (Boston), January 30, 1877, p. 4, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 270.

   4.  “Moody and Sankey,” The Nation, XXII (March 9, 1876), 156.

   5.  New York Times, October 25, 1875, p. 1.

   6.  “Messrs. Moody and Sankey in Brooklyn,” The Christian Advocate, L (November 11, 1875), 354.

   7.  Northwestern Christian Advocate, XXIV (October 18, 1876), 1, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 198.

   8.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, pp. 287-298.

   9.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 271.

 10.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 205-206.

  11.  Bernard A. Weinberger, They Gathered at the River: The Story of the Great Revivalists and their Impact upon Religion in America (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1958), p. 189.

VIII – Moody Bible Institute

   1.  Wilbur M. Smith, An Annotated Bibliography of D. L. Moody (Chicago: Moody Press, 1948), p. 76.

   2.  William H. Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work (Hartford: American Publishing Co., 1875), p. 187.

   3.  Circular entitled “Report and Partial Summary, Bible Work, 1885-1886,” cited in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. of History, Northwestern University, 1961), p. 255.

   4.  John C. Pollock, Moody: A biographical Portrait of the Pacesetter in Modern Mass Evangelism (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1963), p. 261.

   5.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 187.

   6.  Pollock, Moody, p. 261.

   7.  Ibid.

   8.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 256.

   9.  Arthur Percy Fitt, Moody Still Lives: Word Pictures of D. L. Moody (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1936), p. 94.

  10.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 5-6, provides a verbatim account of Moody’s speech in Chicago, quoted in Richard K. Curtis, They Called him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), p. 320.

  11.  John Higham, Strangers in the Land: Patterns of American Nativism, 1860-1925 (New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1955), pp. 52-54.

  12.  Cf., Bessie Louise Pierce, A History of Chicago (3 vols.; New York: A. A. Knopf, 1937-1957), III, chaps. vii,viii, for a good survey of labor’s activities in Chicago during these years, and Henry David, The History of the Haymarket Affairs; A Study in the American Social-Revolutionary and Labor Movements (2nd ed.; New York: Russell and Russell, Publishers, Inc., 1958).

  13.  Record of Christian Work, V (April, 1886), 3 quoted in James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Moody,’Gapmen,’ and the Gospel: the Early Days of Moody Bible Institute,” Church History, XXXI (September, 1962), 324.

  14. T. W. Harvey to “friend,” November 16, 1888, typewritten form letter in the N. F. McCormick Papers, cited in Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 324.

  15.  Chicago Inter-Ocean, November 21, 1856, p. 12, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 278.

  16.  Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 325.

  17.  Smith, Bibliography of D. L. Moody, p. 79.

  18.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 6, quoted in Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 325.

  19.  A. W. Williams, Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody (Chicago: P. W. Ziegler Co., 1900), p. 293.

  20.  Watchman-Examiner, July 15, 1920, pp. 904-905, quoted in William G. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), p. 274.

  21.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 6, quoted in Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 325.

  22.  Smith, Bibliography of D. L. Moody, p. 78.

  23.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 6 quoted in Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 325.

  24.  Ibid.

  25.  Smith, Bibliography of D. L. Moody, p. 78.

  26.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 6, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 281.

  27.  Richard Ellsworth Day, Bush Aglow: The Life Story of Dwight L. Moody, Commoner of Northfield (Philadelphia: The Judson Press, 1936), p. 264.

  28.  Margaret Blake Robinson, A Reporter at Moody’s (Chicago: The Bible Institute Colportage Association, 1900), p. 141.

IX – Summary and Conclusions

   1.  James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. of History, Northwestern University, 1961), pp. 260-278.

   2.  William G. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), chaps. iv, v.  ENDNOTES

Preface

   1.  Cf., H. Wayne Morgan (ed.), The Gilded Age: A Reappraisal (Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 1963); Evensen, Bruce J.  God’s Man for the Gilded Age: D. L. Moody and the Rise of Modern Mass Evangelism (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003).  Findlay, J. F., Jr., Dwight L. Moody: American Evangelist, 1837-1899 (Grand Rapids: Baker Book House, 1969).

   2.  Herbert G. Gutman, “Protestantism and the American Labor Movement: the Christian Spirit in the Gilded Age,” The American Historical Review, LXXXII (October, 1966), 94-95.

   3.  H. Francis Perry, “The Workingman’s Alienation from the Church,” American Journal of Sociology, IV (March, 1899), 621, 626.

   4.  William R. Moody, Life of Dwight L. Moody (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1900).

I – Dwight L. Moody

   1.  Richard K. Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), p. 18.

   2.  Lyman Abbott, Silhouettes of My Contemporaries (New York: Doubleday, Page & Co., 1921), p. 185.

   3.  Ibid., 186.

   4.  William R. Moody, D. L. Moody (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1930), p. 67.

   5.  Fifty-Five Years: The Young Men’s Christian Association of Chicago, 1858-1913 (Chicago: The Board of Managers, 1913), p. 33.

   6.  James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph. D. dissertation, Dept. Of History, Northwestern University, 1961), p. iv.

   7.  Winthrop S. Hudson, Religion in America (New York: Scribner’s, 1965), pp. 225-230.

   8.  Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, p. 335.

   9.  Ibid.

 10.  Abbott, Silhouettes of My Contemporaries, p. 187.

  11.  Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 459.

II – The Age of 1860-1900

   1.  Harold U. Faulkner, American Economic History (8th ed., New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, 1960), pp. 473-475.

   2.  Cf., Oscar Handlin, The Uprooted: The Epic Story of the Great Migrations that Made the American People (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1951).

   3.  In a letter in the Mrs. E. M. Powell Collection, cited in James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation. Dept. of History, Northwestern University, 1961), p. 25.

   4.  Bessie Louise Pierce, A History of Chicago (3 vols.; New York: A. A. Knopf, 1937-1957) III, 439.

   5.  A. Theodore Brown and Charles N. Glabb, A History of Urban America (New York:  The Macmillan Co., 1967), pp. 110-111.

   6.  Chicago Department of Health, Report 1881 and 1882 (Chicago: No Publisher Given, n.d.), p. 19, cited in Pierce, A History of Chicago, III, 55.

   7.  Arthur Meier Schlesinger, The Rise of the City, 1878-1898, Vol. X of A History of American Life,ed. Arthur M. Schlesinger and Dixon Ryan Fox (12 vols.; New York: The Macmillan Co., 1933), pp. 114, 156-159, 360.

   8.  Allan Nevis, The Emergence of Modern America, 1865-1878, Vol. VIII of A History of American Life  Arthur M. Schlesinger and Dixon Ryan Fox (12 vols.; New York: The Macmillan Co., 1927), pp. 320-321.

   9.  Jacob Riis, How the Other Half Lives: Studies among the Tenements of New York (New York: Charles Scriber’s Sons, 1890), pp. 69-70,80.

  10.  Roy Lubove, The Progressives and the Slums: Tenement House Reform in New York City, 1890-1917 (Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1962, pp. 69, 138; Nevis, The Emergence of Modern America, pp. 325, 326.  

  11.  Edwin S. Gausted, A Religious History of America (New York: Harper & Row Publishers, 1966), p. 228.

  12.  Daniel Wise, “Our unevangelized Masses,” The Christian Advocate, L (August 19, 1875), 257.

  13.  Cf., Charles Howard Hopkins, The Rise of the Social Gospel in American Protestantism, 1865-1915, Vol. XIV in the Yale Studies in Religious Education (New Haven: The Yale University Press, 1940).

III – The Workingman of the Era

   1.  Report of the Education and Labor Committee of the Senate upon the Relations Between Labor and Capital, and Testimony taken by the Committee (5 vols.; Washington: U. S. Government Printing Office, 1885), I, 473, quoted in Henry David, The History of the Haymarket Affair; A Study in the American Social Revolutionary and Labor Movements (2nd ed.; New York: Russell and Russell, Publishers, Inc., 1958), p. 7.

   2.  Ibid.

   3.  Ibid.

   4.  Report of the Education and Labor Committee of the Senate upon the Relations Between Labor and Capital, and Testimony taken by the Committee (5 vols.; Washington: U. S. Government Printing Office, 1885), III, 288.

   5.  New York Times, April 30, 1896, p. 1.

   6.  George Gotham Groat, An Introduction to the Study of Organized Labor in America (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1916), p. 166.

   7.  Henry May, Protestant Churches and Industrial America (New York: Harper & Brothers Publishers, 1949), p. 92.

   8.  Cf., Robert V. Bruce, 1877: Year of Violence (Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill Co., Inc. 1959).

   9.  Cf., David, The History of the Haymarket Affair.

  10.  Cf., Leon Wolff, Lockout: The Story of the Homestead Strike of 1892: A Study of Violence, Unionism, and the Carnegie Steel Empire (New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, 1965).

  11.  Cf., Thomas C. Manning, The Chicago Strike of 1894: Industrial Labor in the Late Nineteenth Century, Vol. IV of Government and the American Economy: 1870 to the Present, ed. Thomas G. Manning and David M. Potter (Rev. Ed.; New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1960) for documents relating to the debate’s issues.

  12.  Aaron Ignatius Abell, The Urban Impact on American Protestantism, 1865-1900, Vol. LIV of the Harvard Historical Studies (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1943), p. 64.

  13.  Fred Greenbaum, “The Social Ideas of Samuel Gompers,” Labor History, VII (Winter, 1966), 57.

  14.  Samuel Gompers, Labor and the Common Welfare (New York: E. P. Dutton & So., 1919), p. 31.

  15.  Bessie Louise Pierce, A History of Chicago (3 vols.; New York: A. A. Knopf, 1937-1957), III, 438.

  16.   Ibid., p. 439.

  17.  Washington Gladden, “The Working People and the Churches,” Independent, XXXVII (July 30, 1885), 969.

  18.  Abell, The Urban Impact on American Protestantism, p. 61.

  19.  May, Protestant Churches and Industrial America, pp. 222-223.

  20.  Pierce, A History of Chicago, III, 440-441.

  21.  “Letter from a Workingman,” Christian Union, XXXII (October 29, 1865), 7-8, quoted in Abell, The Urban Impact on American Protestantism, p. 65.

  22.  E. J. Hobshawn, Labouring Men: Studies in the History of Labour (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1964), p. 376.

  23.  Herbert G. Gutman, “Protestantism and the American Labor Movement: the Christian Spirit in the Gilded Age,” The American Historical Review, XXII (October, 1966) 81-82.

  24.  Cf., William G. McLaughlin, Jr. Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), chaps. Ii, iii, and Timothy L. Smith, Revivalism and Social Reform: American Protestantism on the Even of the Civil War (New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, 1957) for a discussion of pre-Civil War Protestant traditions.

  25.  Gutman, “Protestantism and the American Labor Movement,” 83, 99.

  26.  Ibid., 99.

  27.  Ibid.

IV – The Social Views of Dwight L. Moody

   1.  In both United States and Great Britain Moody consistently viewed “the masses” as of a lower social status than he.  Common laborer and industrial workers, immigrants, the poor, and the so-called criminal elements in society fitted into this category.  He assumed that most of these people had no religious affiliations (a predisposition that ignored the influence of the Roman Catholic Church in America).  Moody also saw them as the most likely to be affected by radical political and social doctrines.

   2.  Richard K. Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), p. 235.

   3.  William R. Moody, D. L. Moody (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1930), p. 249.

   4.  Charles R. Eerdman, D. L. Moody: His Message for Today (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1928), p. 58.

   5.  New York Times, November 9, 1896, p. 1.

   6.  Dwight L. Moody, To All People (New York: E. B. Treat, 1877), p. 494, quoted in William G. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), p. 255.
 
   7.  Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, pp. 266-267.

   8.  James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Of History, Northwestern University, 1961), p. 263.

   9.  Dwight L. Moody, Moody’s Latest Sermons (Providence: News Co., 1894), p. 454, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 255-256.

  10.  New York Times, February 19, 1876, p. 8.

  11.  William H. Daniels, Moody: His Words, Work, and Workers (New York: Nelson & Phillips, 1877), p. 430.

  12.  Dwight L. Moody, The Great Redemption (Chicago: The Century Book and Paper Co., 1889), p. 160, quoted in McLoughlin Modern Revivalism, p. 254.

  13.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, p. 431.

  14.  Moody, To All People, pp. 489-490, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 255.

  15.  Ibid., p. 256.

  16.  Charles H. Yost (ed.), Fifty Evenings of the Great Revival Meetings Conducted by Moody and Sankey (Philadelphia: Charles H. Yost, 1876), p. 391, cited in Findlay, Revivalism, pp. 261.

  17.  Moody, The Great Redemption, pp. 355-356, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 254-255.

  18.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 255.

  19.  Yost, Fifty Evenings, p. 392, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 261.

  20.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 261

  21.  New York Times, March 12, 1890, p. 9.

  22.  John McDowell and Others, What D. L. Moody Means to Me: An Anthology of Appreciations and Appraisals of the Beloved Founder of the Northfield Schools (East Northfield: The Northfield Schools, 1937), p. 9.

  23.  New York Times, February 19, 1876, p. 8.

  24.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 252.

  25.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 171.

  26.  Daily Advertiser (Boston), February 12, 1877, p. 4, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 253.

  27.  A. W. Williams, Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody (Chicago: P. W. Ziegler Co., 1900), p. 324.

  28.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 253.

  29.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, p. 66.

  30.  Hebrews 12:6a.

  31.  Moody, To All People, p. 333, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 254.

  32.  Evening Transcript (Boston), January 30, 1877, p. 2, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 256.

  33.  Moody, The Great Redemption, p. 475, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 256.

  34.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 256.

  35.  Fund-raising from letter dated March 15, 1889, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 270.

  36.  For an extensive discussion of Moody, evangelization, and Americanization, see McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 267-270.

  37.  Richard Hofstadter, Anti-intellectualism in American Life (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1964), p. 111.

  38.  Irvin G. Wylie, The Self-Made Man in America: The Myth of Rags to Riches (New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1954), pp. 67, 68.

  39.  New York Times, October 6, 1896, p. 9.

  40.  Letter from D. L. Moody to A. F. Gaylord, October 10,1896, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 272.

  41.  Dwight L. Moody, Moody’s Latest Sermons (Chicago: Moody Press, 1900), pp. 116-117, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 264.

  42.  Kansas City Star, November 11, 1899, p. 1, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 264-265.

  43. Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 264-265.

  44.  Richard Hofstadter, The Age of Reform: From Bryan to F. D. R. (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1961), pp. 131-148.

  45.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 266.

  46.  Ibid., pp. 266-267.

  47.  Ralph Henry Gabriel, The Course of American Democratic Thought (2nd ed.; New York: The Ronald Press, Co., 1956), p. 167.

  48.  Diary of D. W. Whittle, January 12, 1884, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 267-268.

  49.  Paul Moody, My Father: An Intimate Portrait of Dwight Moody (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1938), pp. 46-47.

  50.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 268-269.

  51.  Ibid, p. 269.

  52.  Ibid., p. 269-270.

  53.  Ibid., p. 270.

  54.  Dwight L. Moody, New Sermons, Addresses, and Prayers (St. Louis: Mound City, 1877), p. 223, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 271.

  55.  Evening Transcript (Boston), January 7, 1897, p. 9, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 271.

  56.  “Moody and Sankey,” The Nation, XXII (March 9, 1876), 157.

  57.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 170.

  58.  Greenfield (Mass.) Gazette and Courier, October 11, 1876, p. 2 quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 278.

  59.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, pp. 185-186.

  60.  Bernard A. Weinberger, They Gathered at the River: The Story of the Great Revivalists and their Impact upon Religion in America (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1958), p. 189.

  61.  William H. Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Works (Hartford: American Publishing Co., 1875), p. 94.

  62.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, pp. 431-432.

  63.  Cf., Andrew Carnegie, “Wealth,” North American Review, CXLVIII (June 1889), 653-664.

  64.  Dwight L. Moody, Glad Tidings (New York: E. B. Treat, 1876), p. 328, quoted in Gamaliel Bradford, D. L. Moody: A Worker in Souls (Garden City: Doubleday, Doran & Co., 1927), p. 220.

  65.  Paul Moody, My Father, pp. 181-182.

  66.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 170.

  67.  From an unidentified clipping in the Moodyana Collection, Moody Bible Institute, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 276.

  68.  Timothy L. Smith, Revivalism and Social Reform: American Protestantism on the Eve of the Civil War (New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, 1957), p. 8.

  69.  Evening Transcript (Boston), February 17, 1877, p. 2 quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 257.

  70.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, pp. 475-476.



  71.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 257.

  72.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, p. 475.

  73.  Ibid., p. 475.

  74.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 256-259.

  75.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 13.

  76.  Cf., Sidney E. Mead, “American Protestantism Since the Civil War, II, From Americanism to Christianity,” The Journal of Religion, XXXVI (April, 1956), 67-89, for a critical discussion of charity in post-Civil War Protestantism.

  77.  Quoted in Wilbur M. Smith, An Annotated Bibliography of D. L. Moody (Chicago: Moody Press, 1948), pp. 187-189.

V – Moody in Chicago

   1.  Bernard A. Weinberger, They Gathered at the River: The Story of the Great Revivalists and Their Impact upon Religion in America (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1958), p. 192.

   2.  Manual of Plymouth Congregational Church and Society of Chicago, Illinois (Chicago: No Publisher Given, 1874), p. 17, cited in James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Of History, Northwestern University, 1961), p.. 32.

   3.  William H. Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work (Hartford: American Publishing Co., 1875), pp. 31-32.

   4.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 27.

   5.  J. Wilbur Chapman, The Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody (Philadelphia: John C. Winston Co., 1900), p. 92.

   6.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 34.

   7.  William C. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), p. 174.

   8.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 33, 41.

   9.  Richard K. Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), p. 71.

  10.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 43.

  11.  Moody’s Sunday school was second in size only to the Bethany Sunday School in Philadelphia of which John Wanamaker was the founder.

  12.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 103.

  13.  Ibid., pp. 66-67.

  14.  Ibid., pp. 37-38; William R. Moody, D. L. Moody (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1930), p. 51.
 
   15.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 44.

   16.  Weinberger, They Gathered at the River, p. 184.

   17.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 44.

   18.  William R. Moody, Life of Dwight L. Moody (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1900), pp. 66-68.

   19.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 59-60.

   20.  Ibid., pp. 73-74.

   21.  Ibid., p. 39.

   22.  Ibid., p. 48.

   23.  Chapman, The Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody, p. 94.

   24.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 50-51, 102, 118.

   25.  Ibid., pp. 44, 60, 62-63.

   26.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 55-56.

   27.  John C. Pollock, Moody: A Biographical Portrait of the Pacesetter in Modern Mass Evangelism (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1963), p. 9.

  28.  Winthrop S. Hudson, Religion in America (New York: Charles Scriber’s Sons, 1965), p. 229.

  29.  A Letter from D. L. Moody to his Brothers, April 9, 1854, quoted in William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 30.

  30.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 37, 58.

  31.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 87.

  32.  Ibid., p. 90.

  33.  Bessie Louise Pierce, A History of Chicago (3 vols.; New York: A. A. Knopf, 1937-1957), III, 378.

  34.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 101.

  35.  The Advance, March 29, April 30, 1868, April 15, 1869, June 23, 1870, May 25, 1871, cited in Pierce, A History of Chicago, II, 378.

  36.  The Advance, March 19, 1868, cited in Pierce, A History of Chicago, II, 378.

  37.  Charles F. Goss, Echoes from the Pulpit and Platform (Hartford, Conn.: A. D. Worthington and Co., 1900), pp. 243-244, cited in Curtis, They Called Him Mr. Moody, pp. 100-101.

  38.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 151.

  39.  Ibid., pp. 121-158, 200.

  40.  John McDowell, Dwight L. Moody: The Discoverer of Men and the Maker of Movements (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co.,1915), p. 13.

  41.  Charles Howard Hopkins, History of the Y.M.C.A. in North America (New York: Association Press, 1951), p. 158.

  42.  Curtis, They Called Him Mr. Moody, p. 319.

  43.  Richard C. Morse, History of the North American Young Men’s Christian Association (New York: Association Press, 1913), p. 123.

  44.  Hopkins, History of the Y.M.C.A., p. 6.

  45.  Ibid., pp. 227, 237.

  46.  Ibid., pp. 234, 240.

  47.  Ibid., p. 139.

  48.  Ibid., p. 235.

  49.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 103-104.

  50.  Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, p. 111.

  51.  Pollock, Moody, p. 54.

  52.  A. W. Williams, Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody (Chicago: P. W. Ziegler Co., 1900), p. 324.

  53.  Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, p. 111.

  54.  Richard Ellsworth Day, Bush Aglow: The Life Story of Dwight Lyman Moody, Commoner of Northfield (Philadelphia: The Judson Press, 1936), p. 113.

  55.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 57.

  56.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 108.

  57.  The Chicago Pulpit, May 1872, quoted in Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, p. 116.

  58.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 120.

  59.  Ibid., p.113.

  60.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 100.

  61.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 176.

VI – The Revival Campaigns in Great Britain

   1.  Arthur Percy Fitt, Moody Still Lives: Word Pictures of D. L. Moody (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1936), p. 53.

   2.  William R. Moody, D. L. Moody (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1930), pp. 136-140.

   3.  Henry Drummond, Dwight L. Moody: Impressions and Facts (New York: McClure, Phillips & Co., 1900), p. 114.

   4.  E. J. Goodspeed, A Full History of the Wonderful Career of Moody and Sankey, in Great Britain and America (New York: Henry S. Goodspeed & Co., 1876), p. 168.

   5.  James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Of History, Northwestern University, 1961), pp. 104, 115-116.

   6.  A Letter from Robert Paton to Mrs. Jane MacKinnon, December 11, 1883, quoted in [Jane] MacKinnon], Recollections of D. L. Moody and His Work in Britain, 1874-1892 (London: Oliphant, Anderson & Ferrier, 1905), p. 207.

   7.  Donald Carswell, Brother Scots (New York: Harcourt, Bruce, and Co., 1927), pp. 166-167.

   8.  John MacPherson, Revival and Revival Work: A Record of the Labors of D. L. Moody and Ira D. Sankey, and other Evangelists (London: Morgan and Scott, [1876?], pp. 299-300.

   9.  David Thomson, England in the Nineteenth Century: 1815-1914, Vol. VIII in the The Pelican History of England, ed. J. E. Morpurgo (8 vols.; Baltimore: Penguin Books, 1950), pp. 126-130.

  10.  Diary of the Earl of Shaftesbury, March 9, 1875, quoted in Edin Hodder, The Life and Work of the Seventh Earl of Shaftesbury, E. G. (Popular ed.; London: Cassell & Co. Ltd., 1893), p. 688.

  11.  Hodder, Earl of Shaftesbury, p. 624.

  12.  Ibid., p. 622.

  13.  Thomson, England in the Nineteenth Century, pp. 46-48.

  14.  Hodder, Earl of Shaftesbury, p. 622.

  15.  Diary of the Earl of Shaftesbury, March 9, 1875, quoted in Hodder, Earl of Shaftesbury, p. 688.

  16.  Diary of the Earl of Shaftesbury, March 31, 1875, quoted in Hodder, Earl of Shaftesbury, p. 689.

  17.  Friedrich Engels, Socialism, Utopian and Scientific (New York: International Publishers, 1935), p. 24.

  18.  The Times (London), April 3, p. 8 and July 16, 1875, p. 4, cited in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 116.

  19.  The Spectator, XLVIII (March 13, 1875), 334, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 117.

  20.  Pall Mall Gazette, XIV (March 11, 1875), 3, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 117.

  21.  The Christian, V (November 5, 1874), 707, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 117.

  22.  William H. Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work (Hartford: American Publishing Co., 1875), p. 256.

  23.  Ibid., p. 257.

  24.  Ibid., p. 285.

  25.  Ibid.

 26.  Daily Review (Edinburgh), January 2, 1874, p. 8, quoted in William G. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press, 1959), p. 203.

  27.  Narrative of Messrs. Moody’s and Sankey’s Labours in Scotland and Ireland (Compiled from the British Evangelist and The Christian; New York: Anson D. F. Randolph co., 1875), p. 31, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 203-204.

  28.  Ibid., p. 204.

  29.  Ibid.

  30.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 363-367.

  31.  Ibid., p. 367.

  32.  Ibid.

  33.  The Times (London), June 22, 1875, p. 8, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 203.

  34.  A Letter from A. G. Gowan dated London, November 3, 1875, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 206.

  35.  Newman Hall, “Revivals,” Christian Monthly and Family Treasure, August 1881, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 206.

  36.  MacPherson, Revival and Revival Work, p. 293.

  37.  Goodspeed, Moody and Sankey, p. 79.

  38.  Ibid., p. 171.

  39.  Ibid., pp. 177-178.

  40.  Ibid., p. 179.

  41.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 343.

  42.  Ibid., p. 360.

  43.  John C. Pollock, Moody: A Biographical Portrait of the Pacesetter in Modern Mass Evangelism (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1963), pp. 243-244.

  44.  Cf., Richard K. Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), pp. 227-228.

  45.  Diary of D. W. Whittle, February 4, 1884, quoted in Pollack, Moody, pp. 244-245.

  46.  Ibid., p. 245.

  47.  Carswell, Brother Scots, pp. 160-161.

  48.  John Cockburn, The Hungry Heart: A Romantic Biography of James Keir Hardie (London: Jarrolds Publishers Ltd., 1956), p. 67.

  49.  Carswell, Brother Scots, p. 164,

  50.  William Stewart, J. Keir Hardie: A Biography (London: Assell & Co. Ltd., 1921), p. 7.

  51.  Carswell, Brother Scots, p. 164.

  52.  Stewart, J. Keir Hardie, p. 132.

  53.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 270.

  54.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 351-352.

  55.  Pollock, Moody, p. 167.

  56.  L. E. Elliott-Binns, Religion in the Victorian Era (2nd ed.; London: Lutterworth Press, 1946), p. 424.

  57.  Paulus Scharpff, History of Evangelism: Three Hundred Years of Evangelism in Germany, Great Britain, and the United States of America, trans. by Helga Bender Henry (Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 1966), p. 196.

  58.  Elliott-Binns, Religion in the Victorian Era, p. 428.

  59.  Carswell, Brother Scots, pp. 192-197.

  60.  Pollock, Moody, p. 126.

  61.  George Adam Smith, The Life of Henry Drummond (New York: Doubleday & McClure Co., 1898), pp. 61-62, 65-66.

  62.  Cf., A Book of Remembrance: The Jubilee Souvenir of the Glasgow United Evangelistic Association’s Evangelistic and Ameliorative Schemes, 1874-1924 (Glasgow: Glasgow United Evangelistic Association, 1924).

  63.  A Letter from Alex S. Bain of Glasgow to the Reverend Myron R. Chartier, February 19, 1968.

  64.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, pp. 173-175.

  65.  MacPherson, Revival and Revival Work, pp. 294-295.

  66.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 176.

  67.  John McDowell, Dwight L. Moody: The Discover of Men and the Maker of Movements (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1915), p. 21.

  68.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, pp. 175-176.

  69.  Pollock, Moody, p. 244.

  70.  Drummond, Dwight L. Moody, pp. 114-116.

VII – The Revival Campaigns in America

   1.  Goodspeed, Moody and Sankey, pp. 236-237.

   2.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, pp. 433-442.

   3.  Daily Advertiser (Boston), January 30, 1877, p. 4, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 270.

   4.  “Moody and Sankey,” The Nation, XXII (March 9, 1876), 156.

   5.  New York Times, October 25, 1875, p. 1.

   6.  “Messrs. Moody and Sankey in Brooklyn,” The Christian Advocate, L (November 11, 1875), 354.

   7.  Northwestern Christian Advocate, XXIV (October 18, 1876), 1, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 198.

   8.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, pp. 287-298.

   9.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 271.

 10.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 205-206.

  11.  Bernard A. Weinberger, They Gathered at the River: The Story of the Great Revivalists and their Impact upon Religion in America (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1958), p. 189.

VIII – Moody Bible Institute

   1.  Wilbur M. Smith, An Annotated Bibliography of D. L. Moody (Chicago: Moody Press, 1948), p. 76.

   2.  William H. Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work (Hartford: American Publishing Co., 1875), p. 187.

   3.  Circular entitled “Report and Partial Summary, Bible Work, 1885-1886,” cited in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. of History, Northwestern University, 1961), p. 255.

   4.  John C. Pollock, Moody: A biographical Portrait of the Pacesetter in Modern Mass Evangelism (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1963), p. 261.

   5.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 187.

   6.  Pollock, Moody, p. 261.

   7.  Ibid.

   8.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 256.

   9.  Arthur Percy Fitt, Moody Still Lives: Word Pictures of D. L. Moody (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1936), p. 94.

  10.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 5-6, provides a verbatim account of Moody’s speech in Chicago, quoted in Richard K. Curtis, They Called him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), p. 320.

  11.  John Higham, Strangers in the Land: Patterns of American Nativism, 1860-1925 (New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1955), pp. 52-54.

  12.  Cf., Bessie Louise Pierce, A History of Chicago (3 vols.; New York: A. A. Knopf, 1937-1957), III, chaps. vii,viii, for a good survey of labor’s activities in Chicago during these years, and Henry David, The History of the Haymarket Affairs; A Study in the American Social-Revolutionary and Labor Movements (2nd ed.; New York: Russell and Russell, Publishers, Inc., 1958).

  13.  Record of Christian Work, V (April, 1886), 3 quoted in James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Moody,’Gapmen,’ and the Gospel: the Early Days of Moody Bible Institute,” Church History, XXXI (September, 1962), 324.

  14. T. W. Harvey to “friend,” November 16, 1888, typewritten form letter in the N. F. McCormick Papers, cited in Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 324.

  15.  Chicago Inter-Ocean, November 21, 1856, p. 12, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 278.

  16.  Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 325.

  17.  Smith, Bibliography of D. L. Moody, p. 79.

  18.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 6, quoted in Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 325.

  19.  A. W. Williams, Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody (Chicago: P. W. Ziegler Co., 1900), p. 293.

  20.  Watchman-Examiner, July 15, 1920, pp. 904-905, quoted in William G. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), p. 274.

  21.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 6, quoted in Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 325.

  22.  Smith, Bibliography of D. L. Moody, p. 78.

  23.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 6 quoted in Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 325.

  24.  Ibid.

  25.  Smith, Bibliography of D. L. Moody, p. 78.

  26.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 6, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 281.

  27.  Richard Ellsworth Day, Bush Aglow: The Life Story of Dwight L. Moody, Commoner of Northfield (Philadelphia: The Judson Press, 1936), p. 264.

  28.  Margaret Blake Robinson, A Reporter at Moody’s (Chicago: The Bible Institute Colportage Association, 1900), p. 141.

IX – Summary and Conclusions

   1.  James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. of History, Northwestern University, 1961), pp. 260-278.

   2.  William G. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), chaps. iv, v.  ENDNOTES

Preface

   1.  Cf., H. Wayne Morgan (ed.), The Gilded Age: A Reappraisal (Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 1963); Evensen, Bruce J.  God’s Man for the Gilded Age: D. L. Moody and the Rise of Modern Mass Evangelism (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003).  Findlay, J. F., Jr., Dwight L. Moody: American Evangelist, 1837-1899 (Grand Rapids: Baker Book House, 1969).

   2.  Herbert G. Gutman, “Protestantism and the American Labor Movement: the Christian Spirit in the Gilded Age,” The American Historical Review, LXXXII (October, 1966), 94-95.

   3.  H. Francis Perry, “The Workingman’s Alienation from the Church,” American Journal of Sociology, IV (March, 1899), 621, 626.

   4.  William R. Moody, Life of Dwight L. Moody (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1900).

I – Dwight L. Moody

   1.  Richard K. Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), p. 18.

   2.  Lyman Abbott, Silhouettes of My Contemporaries (New York: Doubleday, Page & Co., 1921), p. 185.

   3.  Ibid., 186.

   4.  William R. Moody, D. L. Moody (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1930), p. 67.

   5.  Fifty-Five Years: The Young Men’s Christian Association of Chicago, 1858-1913 (Chicago: The Board of Managers, 1913), p. 33.

   6.  James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph. D. dissertation, Dept. Of History, Northwestern University, 1961), p. iv.

   7.  Winthrop S. Hudson, Religion in America (New York: Scribner’s, 1965), pp. 225-230.

   8.  Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, p. 335.

   9.  Ibid.

 10.  Abbott, Silhouettes of My Contemporaries, p. 187.

  11.  Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 459.

II – The Age of 1860-1900

   1.  Harold U. Faulkner, American Economic History (8th ed., New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, 1960), pp. 473-475.

   2.  Cf., Oscar Handlin, The Uprooted: The Epic Story of the Great Migrations that Made the American People (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1951).

   3.  In a letter in the Mrs. E. M. Powell Collection, cited in James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation. Dept. of History, Northwestern University, 1961), p. 25.

   4.  Bessie Louise Pierce, A History of Chicago (3 vols.; New York: A. A. Knopf, 1937-1957) III, 439.

   5.  A. Theodore Brown and Charles N. Glabb, A History of Urban America (New York:  The Macmillan Co., 1967), pp. 110-111.

   6.  Chicago Department of Health, Report 1881 and 1882 (Chicago: No Publisher Given, n.d.), p. 19, cited in Pierce, A History of Chicago, III, 55.

   7.  Arthur Meier Schlesinger, The Rise of the City, 1878-1898, Vol. X of A History of American Life,ed. Arthur M. Schlesinger and Dixon Ryan Fox (12 vols.; New York: The Macmillan Co., 1933), pp. 114, 156-159, 360.

   8.  Allan Nevis, The Emergence of Modern America, 1865-1878, Vol. VIII of A History of American Life  Arthur M. Schlesinger and Dixon Ryan Fox (12 vols.; New York: The Macmillan Co., 1927), pp. 320-321.

   9.  Jacob Riis, How the Other Half Lives: Studies among the Tenements of New York (New York: Charles Scriber’s Sons, 1890), pp. 69-70,80.

  10.  Roy Lubove, The Progressives and the Slums: Tenement House Reform in New York City, 1890-1917 (Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1962, pp. 69, 138; Nevis, The Emergence of Modern America, pp. 325, 326.  

  11.  Edwin S. Gausted, A Religious History of America (New York: Harper & Row Publishers, 1966), p. 228.

  12.  Daniel Wise, “Our unevangelized Masses,” The Christian Advocate, L (August 19, 1875), 257.

  13.  Cf., Charles Howard Hopkins, The Rise of the Social Gospel in American Protestantism, 1865-1915, Vol. XIV in the Yale Studies in Religious Education (New Haven: The Yale University Press, 1940).

III – The Workingman of the Era

   1.  Report of the Education and Labor Committee of the Senate upon the Relations Between Labor and Capital, and Testimony taken by the Committee (5 vols.; Washington: U. S. Government Printing Office, 1885), I, 473, quoted in Henry David, The History of the Haymarket Affair; A Study in the American Social Revolutionary and Labor Movements (2nd ed.; New York: Russell and Russell, Publishers, Inc., 1958), p. 7.

   2.  Ibid.

   3.  Ibid.

   4.  Report of the Education and Labor Committee of the Senate upon the Relations Between Labor and Capital, and Testimony taken by the Committee (5 vols.; Washington: U. S. Government Printing Office, 1885), III, 288.

   5.  New York Times, April 30, 1896, p. 1.

   6.  George Gotham Groat, An Introduction to the Study of Organized Labor in America (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1916), p. 166.

   7.  Henry May, Protestant Churches and Industrial America (New York: Harper & Brothers Publishers, 1949), p. 92.

   8.  Cf., Robert V. Bruce, 1877: Year of Violence (Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill Co., Inc. 1959).

   9.  Cf., David, The History of the Haymarket Affair.

  10.  Cf., Leon Wolff, Lockout: The Story of the Homestead Strike of 1892: A Study of Violence, Unionism, and the Carnegie Steel Empire (New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, 1965).

  11.  Cf., Thomas C. Manning, The Chicago Strike of 1894: Industrial Labor in the Late Nineteenth Century, Vol. IV of Government and the American Economy: 1870 to the Present, ed. Thomas G. Manning and David M. Potter (Rev. Ed.; New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1960) for documents relating to the debate’s issues.

  12.  Aaron Ignatius Abell, The Urban Impact on American Protestantism, 1865-1900, Vol. LIV of the Harvard Historical Studies (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1943), p. 64.

  13.  Fred Greenbaum, “The Social Ideas of Samuel Gompers,” Labor History, VII (Winter, 1966), 57.

  14.  Samuel Gompers, Labor and the Common Welfare (New York: E. P. Dutton & So., 1919), p. 31.

  15.  Bessie Louise Pierce, A History of Chicago (3 vols.; New York: A. A. Knopf, 1937-1957), III, 438.

  16.   Ibid., p. 439.

  17.  Washington Gladden, “The Working People and the Churches,” Independent, XXXVII (July 30, 1885), 969.

  18.  Abell, The Urban Impact on American Protestantism, p. 61.

  19.  May, Protestant Churches and Industrial America, pp. 222-223.

  20.  Pierce, A History of Chicago, III, 440-441.

  21.  “Letter from a Workingman,” Christian Union, XXXII (October 29, 1865), 7-8, quoted in Abell, The Urban Impact on American Protestantism, p. 65.

  22.  E. J. Hobshawn, Labouring Men: Studies in the History of Labour (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1964), p. 376.

  23.  Herbert G. Gutman, “Protestantism and the American Labor Movement: the Christian Spirit in the Gilded Age,” The American Historical Review, XXII (October, 1966) 81-82.

  24.  Cf., William G. McLaughlin, Jr. Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), chaps. Ii, iii, and Timothy L. Smith, Revivalism and Social Reform: American Protestantism on the Even of the Civil War (New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, 1957) for a discussion of pre-Civil War Protestant traditions.

  25.  Gutman, “Protestantism and the American Labor Movement,” 83, 99.

  26.  Ibid., 99.

  27.  Ibid.

IV – The Social Views of Dwight L. Moody

   1.  In both United States and Great Britain Moody consistently viewed “the masses” as of a lower social status than he.  Common laborer and industrial workers, immigrants, the poor, and the so-called criminal elements in society fitted into this category.  He assumed that most of these people had no religious affiliations (a predisposition that ignored the influence of the Roman Catholic Church in America).  Moody also saw them as the most likely to be affected by radical political and social doctrines.

   2.  Richard K. Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), p. 235.

   3.  William R. Moody, D. L. Moody (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1930), p. 249.

   4.  Charles R. Eerdman, D. L. Moody: His Message for Today (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1928), p. 58.

   5.  New York Times, November 9, 1896, p. 1.

   6.  Dwight L. Moody, To All People (New York: E. B. Treat, 1877), p. 494, quoted in William G. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), p. 255.
 
   7.  Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, pp. 266-267.

   8.  James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Of History, Northwestern University, 1961), p. 263.

   9.  Dwight L. Moody, Moody’s Latest Sermons (Providence: News Co., 1894), p. 454, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 255-256.

  10.  New York Times, February 19, 1876, p. 8.

  11.  William H. Daniels, Moody: His Words, Work, and Workers (New York: Nelson & Phillips, 1877), p. 430.

  12.  Dwight L. Moody, The Great Redemption (Chicago: The Century Book and Paper Co., 1889), p. 160, quoted in McLoughlin Modern Revivalism, p. 254.

  13.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, p. 431.

  14.  Moody, To All People, pp. 489-490, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 255.

  15.  Ibid., p. 256.

  16.  Charles H. Yost (ed.), Fifty Evenings of the Great Revival Meetings Conducted by Moody and Sankey (Philadelphia: Charles H. Yost, 1876), p. 391, cited in Findlay, Revivalism, pp. 261.

  17.  Moody, The Great Redemption, pp. 355-356, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 254-255.

  18.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 255.

  19.  Yost, Fifty Evenings, p. 392, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 261.

  20.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 261

  21.  New York Times, March 12, 1890, p. 9.

  22.  John McDowell and Others, What D. L. Moody Means to Me: An Anthology of Appreciations and Appraisals of the Beloved Founder of the Northfield Schools (East Northfield: The Northfield Schools, 1937), p. 9.

  23.  New York Times, February 19, 1876, p. 8.

  24.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 252.

  25.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 171.

  26.  Daily Advertiser (Boston), February 12, 1877, p. 4, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 253.

  27.  A. W. Williams, Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody (Chicago: P. W. Ziegler Co., 1900), p. 324.

  28.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 253.

  29.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, p. 66.

  30.  Hebrews 12:6a.

  31.  Moody, To All People, p. 333, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 254.

  32.  Evening Transcript (Boston), January 30, 1877, p. 2, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 256.

  33.  Moody, The Great Redemption, p. 475, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 256.

  34.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 256.

  35.  Fund-raising from letter dated March 15, 1889, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 270.

  36.  For an extensive discussion of Moody, evangelization, and Americanization, see McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 267-270.

  37.  Richard Hofstadter, Anti-intellectualism in American Life (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1964), p. 111.

  38.  Irvin G. Wylie, The Self-Made Man in America: The Myth of Rags to Riches (New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1954), pp. 67, 68.

  39.  New York Times, October 6, 1896, p. 9.

  40.  Letter from D. L. Moody to A. F. Gaylord, October 10,1896, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 272.

  41.  Dwight L. Moody, Moody’s Latest Sermons (Chicago: Moody Press, 1900), pp. 116-117, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 264.

  42.  Kansas City Star, November 11, 1899, p. 1, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 264-265.

  43. Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 264-265.

  44.  Richard Hofstadter, The Age of Reform: From Bryan to F. D. R. (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1961), pp. 131-148.

  45.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 266.

  46.  Ibid., pp. 266-267.

  47.  Ralph Henry Gabriel, The Course of American Democratic Thought (2nd ed.; New York: The Ronald Press, Co., 1956), p. 167.

  48.  Diary of D. W. Whittle, January 12, 1884, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 267-268.

  49.  Paul Moody, My Father: An Intimate Portrait of Dwight Moody (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1938), pp. 46-47.

  50.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 268-269.

  51.  Ibid, p. 269.

  52.  Ibid., p. 269-270.

  53.  Ibid., p. 270.

  54.  Dwight L. Moody, New Sermons, Addresses, and Prayers (St. Louis: Mound City, 1877), p. 223, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 271.

  55.  Evening Transcript (Boston), January 7, 1897, p. 9, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 271.

  56.  “Moody and Sankey,” The Nation, XXII (March 9, 1876), 157.

  57.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 170.

  58.  Greenfield (Mass.) Gazette and Courier, October 11, 1876, p. 2 quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 278.

  59.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, pp. 185-186.

  60.  Bernard A. Weinberger, They Gathered at the River: The Story of the Great Revivalists and their Impact upon Religion in America (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1958), p. 189.

  61.  William H. Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Works (Hartford: American Publishing Co., 1875), p. 94.

  62.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, pp. 431-432.

  63.  Cf., Andrew Carnegie, “Wealth,” North American Review, CXLVIII (June 1889), 653-664.

  64.  Dwight L. Moody, Glad Tidings (New York: E. B. Treat, 1876), p. 328, quoted in Gamaliel Bradford, D. L. Moody: A Worker in Souls (Garden City: Doubleday, Doran & Co., 1927), p. 220.

  65.  Paul Moody, My Father, pp. 181-182.

  66.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 170.

  67.  From an unidentified clipping in the Moodyana Collection, Moody Bible Institute, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 276.

  68.  Timothy L. Smith, Revivalism and Social Reform: American Protestantism on the Eve of the Civil War (New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, 1957), p. 8.

  69.  Evening Transcript (Boston), February 17, 1877, p. 2 quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 257.

  70.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, pp. 475-476.



  71.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 257.

  72.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, p. 475.

  73.  Ibid., p. 475.

  74.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 256-259.

  75.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 13.

  76.  Cf., Sidney E. Mead, “American Protestantism Since the Civil War, II, From Americanism to Christianity,” The Journal of Religion, XXXVI (April, 1956), 67-89, for a critical discussion of charity in post-Civil War Protestantism.

  77.  Quoted in Wilbur M. Smith, An Annotated Bibliography of D. L. Moody (Chicago: Moody Press, 1948), pp. 187-189.

V – Moody in Chicago

   1.  Bernard A. Weinberger, They Gathered at the River: The Story of the Great Revivalists and Their Impact upon Religion in America (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1958), p. 192.

   2.  Manual of Plymouth Congregational Church and Society of Chicago, Illinois (Chicago: No Publisher Given, 1874), p. 17, cited in James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Of History, Northwestern University, 1961), p.. 32.

   3.  William H. Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work (Hartford: American Publishing Co., 1875), pp. 31-32.

   4.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 27.

   5.  J. Wilbur Chapman, The Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody (Philadelphia: John C. Winston Co., 1900), p. 92.

   6.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 34.

   7.  William C. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), p. 174.

   8.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 33, 41.

   9.  Richard K. Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), p. 71.

  10.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 43.

  11.  Moody’s Sunday school was second in size only to the Bethany Sunday School in Philadelphia of which John Wanamaker was the founder.

  12.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 103.

  13.  Ibid., pp. 66-67.

  14.  Ibid., pp. 37-38; William R. Moody, D. L. Moody (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1930), p. 51.
 
   15.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 44.

   16.  Weinberger, They Gathered at the River, p. 184.

   17.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 44.

   18.  William R. Moody, Life of Dwight L. Moody (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1900), pp. 66-68.

   19.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 59-60.

   20.  Ibid., pp. 73-74.

   21.  Ibid., p. 39.

   22.  Ibid., p. 48.

   23.  Chapman, The Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody, p. 94.

   24.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 50-51, 102, 118.

   25.  Ibid., pp. 44, 60, 62-63.

   26.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 55-56.

   27.  John C. Pollock, Moody: A Biographical Portrait of the Pacesetter in Modern Mass Evangelism (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1963), p. 9.

  28.  Winthrop S. Hudson, Religion in America (New York: Charles Scriber’s Sons, 1965), p. 229.

  29.  A Letter from D. L. Moody to his Brothers, April 9, 1854, quoted in William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 30.

  30.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 37, 58.

  31.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 87.

  32.  Ibid., p. 90.

  33.  Bessie Louise Pierce, A History of Chicago (3 vols.; New York: A. A. Knopf, 1937-1957), III, 378.

  34.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 101.

  35.  The Advance, March 29, April 30, 1868, April 15, 1869, June 23, 1870, May 25, 1871, cited in Pierce, A History of Chicago, II, 378.

  36.  The Advance, March 19, 1868, cited in Pierce, A History of Chicago, II, 378.

  37.  Charles F. Goss, Echoes from the Pulpit and Platform (Hartford, Conn.: A. D. Worthington and Co., 1900), pp. 243-244, cited in Curtis, They Called Him Mr. Moody, pp. 100-101.

  38.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 151.

  39.  Ibid., pp. 121-158, 200.

  40.  John McDowell, Dwight L. Moody: The Discoverer of Men and the Maker of Movements (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co.,1915), p. 13.

  41.  Charles Howard Hopkins, History of the Y.M.C.A. in North America (New York: Association Press, 1951), p. 158.

  42.  Curtis, They Called Him Mr. Moody, p. 319.

  43.  Richard C. Morse, History of the North American Young Men’s Christian Association (New York: Association Press, 1913), p. 123.

  44.  Hopkins, History of the Y.M.C.A., p. 6.

  45.  Ibid., pp. 227, 237.

  46.  Ibid., pp. 234, 240.

  47.  Ibid., p. 139.

  48.  Ibid., p. 235.

  49.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 103-104.

  50.  Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, p. 111.

  51.  Pollock, Moody, p. 54.

  52.  A. W. Williams, Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody (Chicago: P. W. Ziegler Co., 1900), p. 324.

  53.  Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, p. 111.

  54.  Richard Ellsworth Day, Bush Aglow: The Life Story of Dwight Lyman Moody, Commoner of Northfield (Philadelphia: The Judson Press, 1936), p. 113.

  55.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 57.

  56.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 108.

  57.  The Chicago Pulpit, May 1872, quoted in Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, p. 116.

  58.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 120.

  59.  Ibid., p.113.

  60.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 100.

  61.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 176.

VI – The Revival Campaigns in Great Britain

   1.  Arthur Percy Fitt, Moody Still Lives: Word Pictures of D. L. Moody (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1936), p. 53.

   2.  William R. Moody, D. L. Moody (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1930), pp. 136-140.

   3.  Henry Drummond, Dwight L. Moody: Impressions and Facts (New York: McClure, Phillips & Co., 1900), p. 114.

   4.  E. J. Goodspeed, A Full History of the Wonderful Career of Moody and Sankey, in Great Britain and America (New York: Henry S. Goodspeed & Co., 1876), p. 168.

   5.  James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Of History, Northwestern University, 1961), pp. 104, 115-116.

   6.  A Letter from Robert Paton to Mrs. Jane MacKinnon, December 11, 1883, quoted in [Jane] MacKinnon], Recollections of D. L. Moody and His Work in Britain, 1874-1892 (London: Oliphant, Anderson & Ferrier, 1905), p. 207.

   7.  Donald Carswell, Brother Scots (New York: Harcourt, Bruce, and Co., 1927), pp. 166-167.

   8.  John MacPherson, Revival and Revival Work: A Record of the Labors of D. L. Moody and Ira D. Sankey, and other Evangelists (London: Morgan and Scott, [1876?], pp. 299-300.

   9.  David Thomson, England in the Nineteenth Century: 1815-1914, Vol. VIII in the The Pelican History of England, ed. J. E. Morpurgo (8 vols.; Baltimore: Penguin Books, 1950), pp. 126-130.

  10.  Diary of the Earl of Shaftesbury, March 9, 1875, quoted in Edin Hodder, The Life and Work of the Seventh Earl of Shaftesbury, E. G. (Popular ed.; London: Cassell & Co. Ltd., 1893), p. 688.

  11.  Hodder, Earl of Shaftesbury, p. 624.

  12.  Ibid., p. 622.

  13.  Thomson, England in the Nineteenth Century, pp. 46-48.

  14.  Hodder, Earl of Shaftesbury, p. 622.

  15.  Diary of the Earl of Shaftesbury, March 9, 1875, quoted in Hodder, Earl of Shaftesbury, p. 688.

  16.  Diary of the Earl of Shaftesbury, March 31, 1875, quoted in Hodder, Earl of Shaftesbury, p. 689.

  17.  Friedrich Engels, Socialism, Utopian and Scientific (New York: International Publishers, 1935), p. 24.

  18.  The Times (London), April 3, p. 8 and July 16, 1875, p. 4, cited in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 116.

  19.  The Spectator, XLVIII (March 13, 1875), 334, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 117.

  20.  Pall Mall Gazette, XIV (March 11, 1875), 3, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 117.

  21.  The Christian, V (November 5, 1874), 707, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 117.

  22.  William H. Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work (Hartford: American Publishing Co., 1875), p. 256.

  23.  Ibid., p. 257.

  24.  Ibid., p. 285.

  25.  Ibid.

 26.  Daily Review (Edinburgh), January 2, 1874, p. 8, quoted in William G. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press, 1959), p. 203.

  27.  Narrative of Messrs. Moody’s and Sankey’s Labours in Scotland and Ireland (Compiled from the British Evangelist and The Christian; New York: Anson D. F. Randolph co., 1875), p. 31, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 203-204.

  28.  Ibid., p. 204.

  29.  Ibid.

  30.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 363-367.

  31.  Ibid., p. 367.

  32.  Ibid.

  33.  The Times (London), June 22, 1875, p. 8, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 203.

  34.  A Letter from A. G. Gowan dated London, November 3, 1875, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 206.

  35.  Newman Hall, “Revivals,” Christian Monthly and Family Treasure, August 1881, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 206.

  36.  MacPherson, Revival and Revival Work, p. 293.

  37.  Goodspeed, Moody and Sankey, p. 79.

  38.  Ibid., p. 171.

  39.  Ibid., pp. 177-178.

  40.  Ibid., p. 179.

  41.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 343.

  42.  Ibid., p. 360.

  43.  John C. Pollock, Moody: A Biographical Portrait of the Pacesetter in Modern Mass Evangelism (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1963), pp. 243-244.

  44.  Cf., Richard K. Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), pp. 227-228.

  45.  Diary of D. W. Whittle, February 4, 1884, quoted in Pollack, Moody, pp. 244-245.

  46.  Ibid., p. 245.

  47.  Carswell, Brother Scots, pp. 160-161.

  48.  John Cockburn, The Hungry Heart: A Romantic Biography of James Keir Hardie (London: Jarrolds Publishers Ltd., 1956), p. 67.

  49.  Carswell, Brother Scots, p. 164,

  50.  William Stewart, J. Keir Hardie: A Biography (London: Assell & Co. Ltd., 1921), p. 7.

  51.  Carswell, Brother Scots, p. 164.

  52.  Stewart, J. Keir Hardie, p. 132.

  53.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 270.

  54.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 351-352.

  55.  Pollock, Moody, p. 167.

  56.  L. E. Elliott-Binns, Religion in the Victorian Era (2nd ed.; London: Lutterworth Press, 1946), p. 424.

  57.  Paulus Scharpff, History of Evangelism: Three Hundred Years of Evangelism in Germany, Great Britain, and the United States of America, trans. by Helga Bender Henry (Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 1966), p. 196.

  58.  Elliott-Binns, Religion in the Victorian Era, p. 428.

  59.  Carswell, Brother Scots, pp. 192-197.

  60.  Pollock, Moody, p. 126.

  61.  George Adam Smith, The Life of Henry Drummond (New York: Doubleday & McClure Co., 1898), pp. 61-62, 65-66.

  62.  Cf., A Book of Remembrance: The Jubilee Souvenir of the Glasgow United Evangelistic Association’s Evangelistic and Ameliorative Schemes, 1874-1924 (Glasgow: Glasgow United Evangelistic Association, 1924).

  63.  A Letter from Alex S. Bain of Glasgow to the Reverend Myron R. Chartier, February 19, 1968.

  64.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, pp. 173-175.

  65.  MacPherson, Revival and Revival Work, pp. 294-295.

  66.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 176.

  67.  John McDowell, Dwight L. Moody: The Discover of Men and the Maker of Movements (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1915), p. 21.

  68.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, pp. 175-176.

  69.  Pollock, Moody, p. 244.

  70.  Drummond, Dwight L. Moody, pp. 114-116.

VII – The Revival Campaigns in America

   1.  Goodspeed, Moody and Sankey, pp. 236-237.

   2.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, pp. 433-442.

   3.  Daily Advertiser (Boston), January 30, 1877, p. 4, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 270.

   4.  “Moody and Sankey,” The Nation, XXII (March 9, 1876), 156.

   5.  New York Times, October 25, 1875, p. 1.

   6.  “Messrs. Moody and Sankey in Brooklyn,” The Christian Advocate, L (November 11, 1875), 354.

   7.  Northwestern Christian Advocate, XXIV (October 18, 1876), 1, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 198.

   8.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, pp. 287-298.

   9.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 271.

 10.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 205-206.

  11.  Bernard A. Weinberger, They Gathered at the River: The Story of the Great Revivalists and their Impact upon Religion in America (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1958), p. 189.

VIII – Moody Bible Institute

   1.  Wilbur M. Smith, An Annotated Bibliography of D. L. Moody (Chicago: Moody Press, 1948), p. 76.

   2.  William H. Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work (Hartford: American Publishing Co., 1875), p. 187.

   3.  Circular entitled “Report and Partial Summary, Bible Work, 1885-1886,” cited in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. of History, Northwestern University, 1961), p. 255.

   4.  John C. Pollock, Moody: A biographical Portrait of the Pacesetter in Modern Mass Evangelism (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1963), p. 261.

   5.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 187.

   6.  Pollock, Moody, p. 261.

   7.  Ibid.

   8.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 256.

   9.  Arthur Percy Fitt, Moody Still Lives: Word Pictures of D. L. Moody (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1936), p. 94.

  10.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 5-6, provides a verbatim account of Moody’s speech in Chicago, quoted in Richard K. Curtis, They Called him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), p. 320.

  11.  John Higham, Strangers in the Land: Patterns of American Nativism, 1860-1925 (New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1955), pp. 52-54.

  12.  Cf., Bessie Louise Pierce, A History of Chicago (3 vols.; New York: A. A. Knopf, 1937-1957), III, chaps. vii,viii, for a good survey of labor’s activities in Chicago during these years, and Henry David, The History of the Haymarket Affairs; A Study in the American Social-Revolutionary and Labor Movements (2nd ed.; New York: Russell and Russell, Publishers, Inc., 1958).

  13.  Record of Christian Work, V (April, 1886), 3 quoted in James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Moody,’Gapmen,’ and the Gospel: the Early Days of Moody Bible Institute,” Church History, XXXI (September, 1962), 324.

  14. T. W. Harvey to “friend,” November 16, 1888, typewritten form letter in the N. F. McCormick Papers, cited in Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 324.

  15.  Chicago Inter-Ocean, November 21, 1856, p. 12, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 278.

  16.  Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 325.

  17.  Smith, Bibliography of D. L. Moody, p. 79.

  18.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 6, quoted in Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 325.

  19.  A. W. Williams, Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody (Chicago: P. W. Ziegler Co., 1900), p. 293.

  20.  Watchman-Examiner, July 15, 1920, pp. 904-905, quoted in William G. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), p. 274.

  21.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 6, quoted in Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 325.

  22.  Smith, Bibliography of D. L. Moody, p. 78.

  23.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 6 quoted in Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 325.

  24.  Ibid.

  25.  Smith, Bibliography of D. L. Moody, p. 78.

  26.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 6, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 281.

  27.  Richard Ellsworth Day, Bush Aglow: The Life Story of Dwight L. Moody, Commoner of Northfield (Philadelphia: The Judson Press, 1936), p. 264.

  28.  Margaret Blake Robinson, A Reporter at Moody’s (Chicago: The Bible Institute Colportage Association, 1900), p. 141.

IX – Summary and Conclusions

   1.  James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. of History, Northwestern University, 1961), pp. 260-278.

   2.  William G. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), chaps. iv, v.

  33.  Moody, The Great Redemption, p. 475, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 256.

  34.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 256.

  35.  Fund-raising from letter dated March 15, 1889, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 270.

  36.  For an extensive discussion of Moody, evangelization, and Americanization, see McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 267-270.

  37.  Richard Hofstadter, Anti-intellectualism in American Life (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1964), p. 111.

  38.  Irvin G. Wylie, The Self-Made Man in America: The Myth of Rags to Riches (New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1954), pp. 67, 68.

  39.  New York Times, October 6, 1896, p. 9.

  40.  Letter from D. L. Moody to A. F. Gaylord, October 10,1896, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 272.

  41.  Dwight L. Moody, Moody’s Latest Sermons (Chicago: Moody Press, 1900), pp. 116-117, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 264.

  42.  Kansas City Star, November 11, 1899, p. 1, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 264-265.

  43. Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 264-265.

  44.  Richard Hofstadter, The Age of Reform: From Bryan to F. D. R. (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1961), pp. 131-148.

  45.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 266.

  46.  Ibid., pp. 266-267.

  47.  Ralph Henry Gabriel, The Course of American Democratic Thought (2nd ed.; New York: The Ronald Press, Co., 1956), p. 167.

  48.  Diary of D. W. Whittle, January 12, 1884, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 267-268.

  49.  Paul Moody, My Father: An Intimate Portrait of Dwight Moody (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1938), pp. 46-47.

  50.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 268-269.

  51.  Ibid, p. 269.

  52.  Ibid., p. 269-270.

  53.  Ibid., p. 270.

  54.  Dwight L. Moody, New Sermons, Addresses, and Prayers (St. Louis: Mound City, 1877), p. 223, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 271.

  55.  Evening Transcript (Boston), January 7, 1897, p. 9, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 271.

  56.  “Moody and Sankey,” The Nation, XXII (March 9, 1876), 157.

  57.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 170.

  58.  Greenfield (Mass.) Gazette and Courier, October 11, 1876, p. 2 quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 278.

  59.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, pp. 185-186.

  60.  Bernard A. Weinberger, They Gathered at the River: The Story of the Great Revivalists and their Impact upon Religion in America (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1958), p. 189.

  61.  William H. Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Works (Hartford: American Publishing Co., 1875), p. 94.

  62.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, pp. 431-432.

  63.  Cf., Andrew Carnegie, “Wealth,” North American Review, CXLVIII (June 1889), 653-664.

  64.  Dwight L. Moody, Glad Tidings (New York: E. B. Treat, 1876), p. 328, quoted in Gamaliel Bradford, D. L. Moody: A Worker in Souls (Garden City: Doubleday, Doran & Co., 1927), p. 220.

  65.  Paul Moody, My Father, pp. 181-182.

  66.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 170.

  67.  From an unidentified clipping in the Moodyana Collection, Moody Bible Institute, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 276.

  68.  Timothy L. Smith, Revivalism and Social Reform: American Protestantism on the Eve of the Civil War (New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, 1957), p. 8.

  69.  Evening Transcript (Boston), February 17, 1877, p. 2 quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 257.

  70.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, pp. 475-476.

  71.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 257.

  72.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, p. 475.

  73.  Ibid., p. 475.

  74.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 256-259.

  75.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 13.

  76.  Cf., Sidney E. Mead, “American Protestantism Since the Civil War, II, From Americanism to Christianity,” The Journal of Religion, XXXVI (April, 1956), 67-89, for a critical discussion of charity in post-Civil War Protestantism.

  77.  Quoted in Wilbur M. Smith, An Annotated Bibliography of D. L. Moody (Chicago: Moody Press, 1948), pp. 187-189.

V – Moody in Chicago

   1.  Bernard A. Weinberger, They Gathered at the River: The Story of the Great Revivalists and Their Impact upon Religion in America (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1958), p. 192.

   2.  Manual of Plymouth Congregational Church and Society of Chicago, Illinois (Chicago: No Publisher Given, 1874), p. 17, cited in James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Of History, Northwestern University, 1961), p.. 32.

   3.  William H. Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work (Hartford: American Publishing Co., 1875), pp. 31-32.

   4.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 27.

   5.  J. Wilbur Chapman, The Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody (Philadelphia: John C. Winston Co., 1900), p. 92.

   6.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 34.

   7.  William C. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), p. 174.

   8.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 33, 41.

   9.  Richard K. Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), p. 71.

  10.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 43.

  11.  Moody’s Sunday school was second in size only to the Bethany Sunday School in Philadelphia of which John Wanamaker was the founder.

  12.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 103.

  13.  Ibid., pp. 66-67.

  14.  Ibid., pp. 37-38; William R. Moody, D. L. Moody (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1930), p. 51.
 
   15.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 44.

   16.  Weinberger, They Gathered at the River, p. 184.

   17.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 44.

   18.  William R. Moody, Life of Dwight L. Moody (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1900), pp. 66-68.

   19.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 59-60.

   20.  Ibid., pp. 73-74.

   21.  Ibid., p. 39.

   22.  Ibid., p. 48.

   23.  Chapman, The Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody, p. 94.

   24.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 50-51, 102, 118.

   25.  Ibid., pp. 44, 60, 62-63.

   26.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 55-56.

   27.  John C. Pollock, Moody: A Biographical Portrait of the Pacesetter in Modern Mass Evangelism (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1963), p. 9.

  28.  Winthrop S. Hudson, Religion in America (New York: Charles Scriber’s Sons, 1965), p. 229.

  29.  A Letter from D. L. Moody to his Brothers, April 9, 1854, quoted in William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 30.

  30.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 37, 58.

  31.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 87.

  32.  Ibid., p. 90.

  33.  Bessie Louise Pierce, A History of Chicago (3 vols.; New York: A. A. Knopf, 1937-1957), III, 378.

  34.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 101.

  35.  The Advance, March 29, April 30, 1868, April 15, 1869, June 23, 1870, May 25, 1871, cited in Pierce, A History of Chicago, II, 378.

  36.  The Advance, March 19, 1868, cited in Pierce, A History of Chicago, II, 378.

  37.  Charles F. Goss, Echoes from the Pulpit and Platform (Hartford, Conn.: A. D. Worthington and Co., 1900), pp. 243-244, cited in Curtis, They Called Him Mr. Moody, pp. 100-101.

  38.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 151.

  39.  Ibid., pp. 121-158, 200.

  40.  John McDowell, Dwight L. Moody: The Discoverer of Men and the Maker of Movements (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co.,1915), p. 13.

  41.  Charles Howard Hopkins, History of the Y.M.C.A. in North America (New York: Association Press, 1951), p. 158.

  42.  Curtis, They Called Him Mr. Moody, p. 319.

  43.  Richard C. Morse, History of the North American Young Men’s Christian Association (New York: Association Press, 1913), p. 123.

  44.  Hopkins, History of the Y.M.C.A., p. 6.

  45.  Ibid., pp. 227, 237.

  46.  Ibid., pp. 234, 240.

  47.  Ibid., p. 139.

  48.  Ibid., p. 235.

  49.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 103-104.

  50.  Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, p. 111.

  51.  Pollock, Moody, p. 54.

  52.  A. W. Williams, Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody (Chicago: P. W. Ziegler Co., 1900), p. 324.

  53.  Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, p. 111.

  54.  Richard Ellsworth Day, Bush Aglow: The Life Story of Dwight Lyman Moody, Commoner of Northfield (Philadelphia: The Judson Press, 1936), p. 113.

  55.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 57.

  56.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 108.

  57.  The Chicago Pulpit, May 1872, quoted in Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody, p. 116.

  58.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 120.

  59.  Ibid., p.113.

  60.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 100.

  61.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 176.

VI – The Revival Campaigns in Great Britain

   1.  Arthur Percy Fitt, Moody Still Lives: Word Pictures of D. L. Moody (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1936), p. 53.

   2.  William R. Moody, D. L. Moody (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1930), pp. 136-140.

   3.  Henry Drummond, Dwight L. Moody: Impressions and Facts (New York: McClure, Phillips & Co., 1900), p. 114.

   4.  E. J. Goodspeed, A Full History of the Wonderful Career of Moody and Sankey, in Great Britain and America (New York: Henry S. Goodspeed & Co., 1876), p. 168.

   5.  James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Of History, Northwestern University, 1961), pp. 104, 115-116.

   6.  A Letter from Robert Paton to Mrs. Jane MacKinnon, December 11, 1883, quoted in [Jane] MacKinnon], Recollections of D. L. Moody and His Work in Britain, 1874-1892 (London: Oliphant, Anderson & Ferrier, 1905), p. 207.

   7.  Donald Carswell, Brother Scots (New York: Harcourt, Bruce, and Co., 1927), pp. 166-167.

   8.  John MacPherson, Revival and Revival Work: A Record of the Labors of D. L. Moody and Ira D. Sankey, and other Evangelists (London: Morgan and Scott, [1876?], pp. 299-300.

   9.  David Thomson, England in the Nineteenth Century: 1815-1914, Vol. VIII in the The Pelican History of England, ed. J. E. Morpurgo (8 vols.; Baltimore: Penguin Books, 1950), pp. 126-130.

  10.  Diary of the Earl of Shaftesbury, March 9, 1875, quoted in Edin Hodder, The Life and Work of the Seventh Earl of Shaftesbury, E. G. (Popular ed.; London: Cassell & Co. Ltd., 1893), p. 688.

  11.  Hodder, Earl of Shaftesbury, p. 624.

  12.  Ibid., p. 622.

  13.  Thomson, England in the Nineteenth Century, pp. 46-48.

  14.  Hodder, Earl of Shaftesbury, p. 622.

  15.  Diary of the Earl of Shaftesbury, March 9, 1875, quoted in Hodder, Earl of Shaftesbury, p. 688.

  16.  Diary of the Earl of Shaftesbury, March 31, 1875, quoted in Hodder, Earl of Shaftesbury, p. 689.

  17.  Friedrich Engels, Socialism, Utopian and Scientific (New York: International Publishers, 1935), p. 24.

  18.  The Times (London), April 3, p. 8 and July 16, 1875, p. 4, cited in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 116.

  19.  The Spectator, XLVIII (March 13, 1875), 334, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 117.

  20.  Pall Mall Gazette, XIV (March 11, 1875), 3, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 117.

  21.  The Christian, V (November 5, 1874), 707, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 117.

  22.  William H. Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work (Hartford: American Publishing Co., 1875), p. 256.

  23.  Ibid., p. 257.

  24.  Ibid., p. 285.

  25.  Ibid.

 26.  Daily Review (Edinburgh), January 2, 1874, p. 8, quoted in William G. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press, 1959), p. 203.

  27.  Narrative of Messrs. Moody’s and Sankey’s Labours in Scotland and Ireland (Compiled from the British Evangelist and The Christian; New York: Anson D. F. Randolph co., 1875), p. 31, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, pp. 203-204.

  28.  Ibid., p. 204.

  29.  Ibid.

  30.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 363-367.

  31.  Ibid., p. 367.

  32.  Ibid.

  33.  The Times (London), June 22, 1875, p. 8, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 203.

  34.  A Letter from A. G. Gowan dated London, November 3, 1875, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 206.

  35.  Newman Hall, “Revivals,” Christian Monthly and Family Treasure, August 1881, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 206.

  36.  MacPherson, Revival and Revival Work, p. 293.

  37.  Goodspeed, Moody and Sankey, p. 79.

  38.  Ibid., p. 171.

  39.  Ibid., pp. 177-178.

  40.  Ibid., p. 179.

  41.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 343.

  42.  Ibid., p. 360.

  43.  John C. Pollock, Moody: A Biographical Portrait of the Pacesetter in Modern Mass Evangelism (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1963), pp. 243-244.

  44.  Cf., Richard K. Curtis, They Called Him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), pp. 227-228.

  45.  Diary of D. W. Whittle, February 4, 1884, quoted in Pollack, Moody, pp. 244-245.

  46.  Ibid., p. 245.

  47.  Carswell, Brother Scots, pp. 160-161.

  48.  John Cockburn, The Hungry Heart: A Romantic Biography of James Keir Hardie (London: Jarrolds Publishers Ltd., 1956), p. 67.

  49.  Carswell, Brother Scots, p. 164,

  50.  William Stewart, J. Keir Hardie: A Biography (London: Assell & Co. Ltd., 1921), p. 7.

  51.  Carswell, Brother Scots, p. 164.

  52.  Stewart, J. Keir Hardie, p. 132.

  53.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 270.

  54.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, pp. 351-352.

  55.  Pollock, Moody, p. 167.

  56.  L. E. Elliott-Binns, Religion in the Victorian Era (2nd ed.; London: Lutterworth Press, 1946), p. 424.

  57.  Paulus Scharpff, History of Evangelism: Three Hundred Years of Evangelism in Germany, Great Britain, and the United States of America, trans. by Helga Bender Henry (Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 1966), p. 196.

  58.  Elliott-Binns, Religion in the Victorian Era, p. 428.

  59.  Carswell, Brother Scots, pp. 192-197.

  60.  Pollock, Moody, p. 126.

  61.  George Adam Smith, The Life of Henry Drummond (New York: Doubleday & McClure Co., 1898), pp. 61-62, 65-66.

  62.  Cf., A Book of Remembrance: The Jubilee Souvenir of the Glasgow United Evangelistic Association’s Evangelistic and Ameliorative Schemes, 1874-1924 (Glasgow: Glasgow United Evangelistic Association, 1924).

  63.  A Letter from Alex S. Bain of Glasgow to the Reverend Myron R. Chartier, February 19, 1968.

  64.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, pp. 173-175.

  65.  MacPherson, Revival and Revival Work, pp. 294-295.

  66.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, p. 176.

  67.  John McDowell, Dwight L. Moody: The Discover of Men and the Maker of Movements (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1915), p. 21.

  68.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, pp. 175-176.

  69.  Pollock, Moody, p. 244.

  70.  Drummond, Dwight L. Moody, pp. 114-116.

VII – The Revival Campaigns in America

   1.  Goodspeed, Moody and Sankey, pp. 236-237.

   2.  Daniels, Moody: His Words, pp. 433-442.

   3.  Daily Advertiser (Boston), January 30, 1877, p. 4, quoted in McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 270.

   4.  “Moody and Sankey,” The Nation, XXII (March 9, 1876), 156.

   5.  New York Times, October 25, 1875, p. 1.

   6.  “Messrs. Moody and Sankey in Brooklyn,” The Christian Advocate, L (November 11, 1875), 354.

   7.  Northwestern Christian Advocate, XXIV (October 18, 1876), 1, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 198.

   8.  William Moody, D. L. Moody, pp. 287-298.

   9.  McLoughlin, Modern Revivalism, p. 271.

 10.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” pp. 205-206.

  11.  Bernard A. Weinberger, They Gathered at the River: The Story of the Great Revivalists and their Impact upon Religion in America (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1958), p. 189.

VIII – Moody Bible Institute

   1.  Wilbur M. Smith, An Annotated Bibliography of D. L. Moody (Chicago: Moody Press, 1948), p. 76.

   2.  William H. Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work (Hartford: American Publishing Co., 1875), p. 187.

   3.  Circular entitled “Report and Partial Summary, Bible Work, 1885-1886,” cited in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. of History, Northwestern University, 1961), p. 255.

   4.  John C. Pollock, Moody: A biographical Portrait of the Pacesetter in Modern Mass Evangelism (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1963), p. 261.

   5.  Daniels, D. L. Moody and His Work, p. 187.

   6.  Pollock, Moody, p. 261.

   7.  Ibid.

   8.  Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 256.

   9.  Arthur Percy Fitt, Moody Still Lives: Word Pictures of D. L. Moody (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1936), p. 94.

  10.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 5-6, provides a verbatim account of Moody’s speech in Chicago, quoted in Richard K. Curtis, They Called him Mister Moody (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962), p. 320.

  11.  John Higham, Strangers in the Land: Patterns of American Nativism, 1860-1925 (New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1955), pp. 52-54.

  12.  Cf., Bessie Louise Pierce, A History of Chicago (3 vols.; New York: A. A. Knopf, 1937-1957), III, chaps. vii,viii, for a good survey of labor’s activities in Chicago during these years, and Henry David, The History of the Haymarket Affairs; A Study in the American Social-Revolutionary and Labor Movements (2nd ed.; New York: Russell and Russell, Publishers, Inc., 1958).

  13.  Record of Christian Work, V (April, 1886), 3 quoted in James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Moody,’Gapmen,’ and the Gospel: the Early Days of Moody Bible Institute,” Church History, XXXI (September, 1962), 324.

  14. T. W. Harvey to “friend,” November 16, 1888, typewritten form letter in the N. F. McCormick Papers, cited in Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 324.

  15.  Chicago Inter-Ocean, November 21, 1856, p. 12, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 278.

  16.  Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 325.

  17.  Smith, Bibliography of D. L. Moody, p. 79.

  18.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 6, quoted in Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 325.

  19.  A. W. Williams, Life and Work of Dwight L. Moody (Chicago: P. W. Ziegler Co., 1900), p. 293.

  20.  Watchman-Examiner, July 15, 1920, pp. 904-905, quoted in William G. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), p. 274.

  21.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 6, quoted in Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 325.

  22.  Smith, Bibliography of D. L. Moody, p. 78.

  23.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 6 quoted in Findlay, “Moody, ‘Gapmen,’ and the Gospel,” 325.

  24.  Ibid.

  25.  Smith, Bibliography of D. L. Moody, p. 78.

  26.  Record of Christian Work, V (February, 1886), 6, quoted in Findlay, “Dwight L. Moody,” p. 281.

  27.  Richard Ellsworth Day, Bush Aglow: The Life Story of Dwight L. Moody, Commoner of Northfield (Philadelphia: The Judson Press, 1936), p. 264.

  28.  Margaret Blake Robinson, A Reporter at Moody’s (Chicago: The Bible Institute Colportage Association, 1900), p. 141.

IX – Summary and Conclusions

   1.  James Franklin Findlay, Jr., “Dwight L. Moody: Evangelist of the Gilded Age, 1837-1899" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. of History, Northwestern University, 1961), pp. 260-278.

   2.  William G. McLoughlin, Jr., Modern Revivalism: Charles Grandison Finney to Billy Graham (New York: The Ronald Press Co., 1959), chaps. iv, v.